Reproductive development and yield components in indeterminate soybean as affected by post-flowering photoperiod
Reproductive development and yield components in indeterminate soybean as affected by post-flowering photoperiod
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.fcr.2004.10.001
复制
发表时间：
2005-09-14
影响因子：
5.8
通讯作者：
Slafer, GA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kantolic, AG;Slafer, GA
角果数和籽粒数是影响大豆产量的最重要因素。美林)农作物。开花后的作物生长速度和结荚和种子形成期间的持续时间解释了大豆产量在不同基因型和不同环境中的大部分差异。在大田条件下，将花后阶段暴露在长光周期中可以延长R3-R6期，增加种子数量。本文对花后发育和产量构成因素对光周期的响应进行了定量分析，并研究了两者之间的耦合程度。A-5409(成熟组V)和Dekalb CX-458(成熟组IV)在大田条件下种植，从播种到结荚始期(R3)处于自然光周期下。从那时起，它们要么保持在自然日长下，要么暴露于人工延长自然日长1.5、3.0、4.5或6.0h的四个光周期中，所有延长的光周期都延长了R3-R6周期的持续时间。虽然A-5409表现出更强的敏感性，但两个品种在所研究的整个光周期范围内都表现出数量型反应。R6-R8阶段的发育反应不那么明显，更具变异性。将植物暴露在延长的光周期下，增加了每株的节数，提高了节育力，从而增加了单位面积产生的豆荚和种子的数量。受光周期延长的植物种子平均重量有降低的趋势，其影响的大小取决于品种和处理。但处理后种子体积减小约20%，种子数增加75%以上。这些结果支持了这样的假设，即在不确定的大豆开花后操纵光周期敏感性实际上可能是增加种子数量和产量的途径。(C)2004爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Pod and seed number are the most important yield components in soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill) crops. Crop growth rate during post-flowering and the duration of the period when pod and seeds are formed explain much of the variation of soybean yields across genotypes and environments. Exposing post-flowering stages to long photoperiod has been found to extend the period R3-R6 and to increase seed number in soybeans grown under field conditions. In this paper, post-flowering development and yield components responses to photoperiod were quantitatively analysed and the degree of coupling between both responses was investigated. Indeterminate soybean cultivars, A-5409 (maturity group V) and Dekalb CX-458 (maturity group IV), were grown under field conditions and exposed to natural photoperiod from sowing to the beginning pod stage (R3). From then onwards, they were either kept under natural daylength or exposed to four photoperiod regimes that were artificially extended in relation to natural daylength by 1.5, 3.0, 4.5 or 6.0 h. All the extended photoperiod regimes increased the duration of R3-R6 period. Both cultivars showed a quantitative type of response through the whole range of explored photoperiods, though A-5409 exhibited a stronger sensitivity. Development responses during the R6-R8 phase were less noticeable and more variable. Exposing plants to extended photoperiod increased the number of nodes per plant and improved node fertility, thus increasing the number of pods and seeds produced per unit area. Average seed weight tended to be reduced in plants exposed to extended photoperiod and the magnitude of these effects depended both on cultivars and treatments. However, seed size was reduced in ca. 20% while seed number was increased by more than 75% due to the treatments. These results strengthen the hypothesis that manipulating photoperiod sensitivity during post-flowering in indeterminate soybean may actually be an avenue to increase seed number and yield. (c) 2004 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.