On si Constructions and the Theory of Arb
On si Constructions and the Theory of Arb
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On si 结构与 Arb 理论
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发表时间：
1988
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通讯作者：
G. Cinque
中科院分区：
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作者：
G. Cinque
在意大利语中有具体时间参照的非时态和时态从句中，对非人称si的出现有一些特殊的限制，这些限制在文献中很大程度上没有被注意到，在对该结构的标准分析中也没有预料到这些限制。我将证明，它们实际上是非常普遍的原则西塔理论和格理论的简单结果，在对客观的si的更精细的分析下：除了其他之外，提供了语素的两种不同的用法，论辩的和非论辩的。尽管它在si结构的类别上引入了进一步的区别，但这一分析在原则上与si的所有用法(宾语、中间和反身)的统一程序是兼容的。统一的方法和这里追求的方法只是将自己设置在不同的抽象水平上。这是一个我们将在下面返回的问题。在回顾了无时从句中对非人称身份的基本限制(第1节)之后，我们将提出一个分析，通过已经独立证明是合理的原则来解释这些限制(第2节)。在第三节中，我们将讨论有具体时间参照和一般时间参照的限定从句中非人称“我”的解释的不同之处，并与更一般的“任意”解释理论相结合进行相同的分析。第四节包含了对所谓被动身份的重新审视，部分地根据前面关于客观身份的结果进行了重新解释。在第五节中，我们对其他罗曼语中的非人称的“思”结构进行了一些(暂定的)对比评论。
There are some peculiar restrictions on the occurrence of impersonal si in untensed and tensed clauses with specific time reference in Italian that have gone largely unnoticed in the literature and are not expected under the standard analysis of the construction. I will show that they are in fact simple consequences of very general principles, Theta Theory and Case Theory, under a finer analysis of impersonal si : one that provides, among other things, for two distinct uses of the morpheme, an argumental and a non-argumental one. Although it introduces a further distinction in the class of si constructions, this analysis is in principle compatible with the program of unifying all uses of si (impersonal, middle, and reflexive). The unification approach and the one pursued here simply set themselves at different levels of abstraction. A question to which we return below. After reviewing the fundamental restrictions on impersonal si in untensed clauses (section 1), we will suggest an analysis which accounts for them via principles that are already independently justified (section 2). In section 3, the differences in the interpretation of impersonal si in finite clauses with specific and generic time reference will be discussed and related to the same analysis in interaction with a more general theory of “arbitrary” ( arb ) interpretation. Section 4 contains a reexamination of so-called passive si , reinterpreted in part in the light of the preceding results on impersonal si . In section 5, some (provisional) comparative remarks are made on impersonal si constructions in other Romance languages.