What Leads To Shared Attention? Maternal Cues and Infant Responses During Object Play
What Leads To Shared Attention? Maternal Cues and Infant Responses During Object Play
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DOI：
10.1111/infa.12204
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Triesch, Jochen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Deak, Gedeon O.;Krasno, Anna M.;Triesch, Jochen
注意分享为婴儿学习提供了一个重要的环境，但婴儿如何对父母的孤立或联合行为做出反应，从不分享状态转变为注意分享状态，目前还不完全清楚。为了研究这一点，我们记录了婴儿（3 - 11个月大，N=35）和母亲在家中无剧本的玩具游戏互动，并对注意力相关行为进行了编码。这些包括婴儿和母亲的视觉固定，以及母亲的注意力引导行为，包括目光转移、指向手势、物体操作、语言表达和物体声音。此外，二元注意连续分为共享注意和非共享注意七种状态之一。结果表明，母亲通常会在7秒内产生一系列注意力引导线索。在婴儿转移注意力以配合母亲的注意力之前。母亲的暗示组合通常包括物体操纵、目光转移或言语化。婴儿很少看母亲的脸，并且很少跟随孤立的目光转移或指向手势。然而，婴儿经常转移注意力看母亲操纵物体。结果表明，在玩具游戏过程中，母亲注意指定动作的组合选择性地引起婴儿的注意跟随。
Attention sharing provides an important context for infant learning, but it is not fully understood how infants respond to parents' isolated or combined actions to shift from nonsharing to attention-sharing states. To investigate this, we recorded unscripted toy-play interactions of infants (3 to 11months old, N=35) and mothers at home, and coded attention-related behaviors. These included infants' and mothers' visual fixations, and mothers' attention-directing actions including gaze shifts, pointing gestures, object manipulations, verbalizations, and object sounds. In addition, dyadic attention was continuously classified into one of seven states of shared or nonshared attention. Results showed that mothers usually produced a combination of attention-directing cues within the 7sec. before infants shifted their attention to match the mother's focus. Mothers' cue combinations usually included object manipulation and either a gaze shift or a verbalization. Infants seldom looked at mothers' faces and followed a very small proportion of isolated gaze shifts or pointing gestures. However, infants frequently shifted attention to watch mothers manipulate objects. The results indicate that during toy play, combinations of maternal attention-specifying actions selectively elicit infants' attention following.