A time-series analysis of acidic particulate matter and daily mortality and morbidity in the Buffalo, New York, region.
A time-series analysis of acidic particulate matter and daily mortality and morbidity in the Buffalo, New York, region.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.00108125
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发表时间：
2000-02
影响因子：
10.4
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
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颗粒物（PM）空气污染的一个组成部分是气溶胶酸度（H（+）），它可能为观察到的PM空气污染-健康效应关联提供一个生物学上合理的途径。越来越多的观察性研究表明，H（+）与美国和国外不良健康影响增加之间存在关联。尽管研究表明H（+）与美国发病率增加有显著相关性，但与每日死亡率的相关性尚未得到证实。我们对纽约布法罗地区2.5年的每日H（+）和硫酸盐测量记录（1988年5月至1990年10月）进行了呼吸、循环和每日总死亡率和住院率的时间序列分析。考虑的其他共污染物包括空气动力学直径[小于/等于] 10微米的颗粒物、雾度系数、臭氧、一氧化碳、二氧化硫和二氧化氮。各种建模技术被应用于控制由于季节性、天气和一周中的某一天的影响而导致的影响估计的混杂。我们发现了多个显着的污染-健康效应关联-SO（4）（2-）和呼吸道住院率之间最强烈（如其t统计量所示）。此外，H（+）和SO（4）（2-）与两种呼吸系统入院率最相关[H（+）：相对危险度（RR）= 1。31; 95%置信区间（CI），1.14-1.51; SO（4）（2-）：RR = 1。18，CI，1.09-1.28]和呼吸道死亡率（H（+）：RR = 1.55，CI，1.09 -1.28）。SO（4）（2-）：RR = 1.24，CI为1.01-1.52）。因此，酸性硫酸盐气溶胶代表PM空气污染的一个组成部分，可能导致先前注意到的PM质量对人类健康的不利影响，本研究中证明的相关性支持进一步调查酸性气溶胶对健康的潜在影响。
A component of particulate matter (PM) air pollution that may provide one biologically plausible pathway for the observed PM air pollution-health effect associations is aerosol acidity (H(+)). An increasing number of observational studies have demonstrated associations between H(+) and increased adverse health effects in the United States and abroad. Although studies have shown significant H(+) associations with increased morbidity in the United States, similar associations have yet to be shown with daily mortality. We considered a 2.5-year record of daily H(+) and sulfate measurements (May 1988-October 1990) collected in the Buffalo, New York, region in a time-series analysis of respiratory, circulatory, and total daily mortality and hospital admissions. Other copollutants considered included particulate matter [less than/equal to] 10 microm in aerodynamic diameter, coefficient of haze, ozone, carbon monoxide, sulfur dioxide, and nitrogen dioxide. Various modeling techniques were applied to control for confounding of effect estimates due to seasonality, weather, and day-of-week effects. We found multiple significant pollutant-health effect associations--most strongly between SO(4)(2-) and respiratory hospital admissions (as indicated by its t-statistic). Additionally, H(+) and SO(4)(2-) demonstrated the most coherent associations with both respiratory hospital admissions [H(+): relative risk (RR) = 1. 31; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.14-1.51; and SO(4)(2-): RR = 1. 18, CI, 1.09-1.28] and respiratory mortality (H(+): RR = 1.55, CI, 1. 09-2.20; and SO(4)(2-): RR = 1.24, CI, 1.01-1.52). Thus, acidic sulfate aerosols represent a component of PM air pollution that may contribute to the previously noted adverse effects of PM mass on human health, and the associations demonstrated in this study support the need for further investigations into the potential health effects of acidic aerosols.