Phylogeography and population genetics of black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) in Ireland: putting it in a European context
Phylogeography and population genetics of black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) in Ireland: putting it in a European context
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DOI：
10.1007/s11295-015-0924-4
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发表时间：
2015-10-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Kelleher, Colin T.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cubry, Philippe;Gallagher, Evelyn;Kelleher, Colin T.
黑杨(Alnus polinosa(L.)Gairtn.)是一种分布广泛的欧洲森林树种，具有很高的木材和生物质生产潜力。这项研究调查了爱尔兰本土杉木林残留物的遗传起源和多样性，并将其与其他欧洲种群进行比较，以确定系统地理模式。还评估了在繁育种群中捕获遗传多样性的效率。数据来自叶绿体DNA(CpDNA)多态和核微卫星。利用聚合酶链式反应-限制性片段长度多态性技术定位cpDNA序列多态性，为高分辨熔融(HRM)分析设计侧翼引物。CpDNA多态分析在爱尔兰发现了两种主要的单倍型。威尔士和英格兰也发现了同样的两种，而苏格兰只有一种。结果表明，爱尔兰的赤杨种群至少起源于欧洲的两个冰川避难所。使用核微卫星标记，爱尔兰的黑杨没有表现出或表现出非常弱的种群分化，这与风分散的异交物种是一致的。根据核微型卫星数据，人口规模的下降估计发生在与大规模砍伐森林时期重合的时间框架内。育种群体包含两种单倍型，与所有样本的总和相比，表现出较高的遗传捕获水平(86%的微卫星等位基因)。本研究填补了以往知识的空白，为今后的研究提供了额外的标记物和方法。繁殖种群的特征为国家杉木改良方案提供了宝贵的基线数据。
Black alder (Alnus glutinosa (L.) Gaertn.) is a widespread tree of European forests with a high potential for wood and biomass production. This study investigated the genetic origin and diversity in remnants of putative native alder forest stands in Ireland and compared it with other European populations to determine phylogeographic patterns. The efficiency of capture of the genetic diversity in a breeding population was also assessed. Data were obtained from chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) polymorphisms and from nuclear microsatellites. In silico PCR-RFLP was used to locate cpDNA sequence polymorphisms in order to develop flanking primers for high-resolution melting (HRM) analysis. The cpDNA polymorphism analysis detected two main haplotypes in Ireland. The same two are also found in Wales and England while only one is found in Scotland. The results suggest that Irish populations of alder have originated from at least two European glacial refugia. Black alder in Ireland exhibited no or very weak population differentiation using nuclear microsatellite markers, which is consistent for a wind-dispersed, outcrossing species. Based on the nuclear microsatellite data, a decline in population sizes is estimated to have occurred around a timeframe that coincides with a period of large-scale deforestation. The breeding population contained two haplotypes and showed a high level of genetic capture (86 % of microsatellite alleles) when compared with all samples combined. This study fills a gap in previous knowledge, provides an additional marker and an additional method for future studies. The characterisation of a breeding population provides valuable baseline data for a national alder tree improvement programme.