Implementation of pigment‐dispersing factor‐immunoreactive neurons in a standardized atlas of the brain of the cockroach Leucophaea maderae
Implementation of pigment‐dispersing factor‐immunoreactive neurons in a standardized atlas of the brain of the cockroach Leucophaea maderae
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在蟑螂 Leucophaea maderae 的标准化脑图谱中实施色素分散因子免疫反应神经元
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发表时间：
2010
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通讯作者：
M. Stengl
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作者：
Hongying Wei;Basil el Jundi;U. Homberg;M. Stengl
在生物节律的研究中，美洲白蠊是一种成熟的模式生物。它的生物钟位于大脑的副髓质。副髓质的色素分散因子免疫反应（PDF-ir）神经元充当控制运动活动节律的昼夜节律起搏器。为研究L. maderae，PDF-ir神经元被实现为蟑螂大脑的标准化三维图谱。来自20个全脑的连续共聚焦图像用于构建包括21个神经柱的图谱。采用了两种不同的标准化方案：使用仿射变换的迭代形状平均（伊萨）程序，然后进行迭代非刚性配准，以及在全局和局部刚性变换后采用局部非刚性变换的虚拟昆虫脑（VIB）方案。对20个脑的定量分析显示，副髓质的体积与髓质、前脑桥和中央体上部的体积直接相关，表明这些神经末梢之间存在功能联系。对于昼夜节律起搏器网络的标准化重建，伊萨协议用于在标准蟑螂大脑中登记PDF-ir神经元。配准显示，大脑中的两个PDF-ir分支区域与其他PDF-ir投射部位高度互连，并且似乎与后部和前部视连合中的纤维接触。PDF-ir分支区域之间的距离显示了可能与时间编码生理相关的特定数值关系。神经学比较杂志518：4113-4133，2010.© 2010 Wiley利斯公司
The cockroach Leucophaea maderae is an established model in circadian rhythm research. Its circadian clock is located in the accessory medulla of the brain. Pigment‐dispersing factor‐immunoreactive (PDF‐ir) neurons of the accessory medulla act as circadian pacemakers controlling locomotor activity rhythms. To characterize the neuronal network of the circadian system in L. maderae, the PDF‐ir neurons were implemented into a standardized three‐dimensional atlas of the cockroach brain. Serial confocal images from 20 wholemount brains were used for the construction of the atlas comprising 21 neuropils. Two different standardization protocols were employed: the iterative shape averaging (ISA) procedure using an affine transformation followed by iterative non‐rigid registrations, and the virtual insect brain (VIB) protocol employing local non‐rigid transformations after global and local rigid transformations. Quantitative analysis of the 20 brains revealed that volumes of the accessory medulla are directly correlated with the volumes of the medulla, the protocerebral bridge, and the upper division of the central body, suggesting functional connections among these neuropils. For a standardized reconstruction of the circadian pacemaker network, the ISA protocol was used to register PDF‐ir neurons in the standard cockroach brain. The registration revealed that two PDF‐ir arborization areas in the brain are highly interconnected with other PDF‐ir projection sites and appear to be contacted both by fibers in the posterior and the anterior optic commissures. The distances between PDF‐ir branching areas show specific numerical relationships that might be physiologically relevant for temporal encoding. J. Comp. Neurol. 518:4113–4133, 2010. © 2010 Wiley‐Liss, Inc.