Reserves, resilience and dynamic landscapes
Reserves, resilience and dynamic landscapes
复制标题
DOI：
10.1639/0044-7447(2003)032
复制
发表时间：
2003-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
Nyström, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bengtsson, J;Angelstam, P;Nyström, M
在一个日益受到人类活动影响的世界中，保护生物多样性是维持生态系统复原力和确保生态系统货物和服务可持续地流向社会的重要保障。然而，现有的保护区和国家公园不大可能纳入生态系统的长期和大规模动态。因此，保护战略必须积极纳入为人类使用而管理的大片土地。生态系统要在大规模自然和人为干扰后重组，以生态记忆形式出现的空间复原力是一个先决条件。生态记忆是由使生态系统重组成为可能的物种、相互作用和结构组成的，其组成部分可以在受干扰的斑块中以及在周围的景观中找到。目前的静态保护区应辅之以动态保护区，如生态休耕区和动态演替保护区，这些保护区是生态系统管理的一部分，模仿景观一级的自然扰动制度。
In a world increasingly modified by human activities, the conservation of biodiversity is essential as insurance to maintain resilient ecosystems and ensure a sustainable flow of ecosystem goods and services to society. However, existing reserves and national parks are unlikely to incorporate the long-term and large-scale dynamics of ecosystems. Hence, conservation strategies have to actively incorporate the large areas of land that are managed for human use. For ecosystems to reorganize after large-scale natural and human-induced disturbances, spatial resilience in the form of ecological memory is a prerequisite. The ecological memory is composed of the species, interactions and structures that make ecosystem reorganization possible, and its components may be found within disturbed patches as well in the surrounding landscape. Present static reserves should be complemented with dynamic reserves, such as ecological fallows and dynamic successional reserves, that are part of ecosystem management mimicking natural disturbance regimes at the landscape level.