How client criminalisation under end-demand sex work laws shapes the occupational health and safety of sex workers in Metro Vancouver, Canada: a qualitative study.
How client criminalisation under end-demand sex work laws shapes the occupational health and safety of sex workers in Metro Vancouver, Canada: a qualitative study.
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DOI：
10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061729
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发表时间：
2022-11-22
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Krusi, Andrea
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McDermid, Jennifer;Murphy, Alka;McBride, Bronwyn;Wu, Sherry;Goldenberg, Shira M.;Shannon, Kate;Krusi, Andrea
2014年，加拿大实施了最终需求性工作立法，将参与性工作的客户和第三方（如经理，保安人员等）定为刑事犯罪。这项分析的重点是探讨如何定罪的客户塑造性工作者的职业健康和安全。作为一项长期以社区为基础的研究（性工作者健康状况评估）的一部分，这项分析借鉴了47个深入的定性访谈，室内性工作者和第三方。这项工作通过交叉透镜和健康框架的结构性决定因素的指导，旨在消除客户刑事定罪在塑造室内性工作者的职业健康和安全方面的影响。在加拿大大都会温哥华经营的室内性工作场所（如按摩院、应召场所、妓院等）。2017年至2018年间，47名主要是种族化的性工作者和在室内环境中工作的第三方。虽然与会者强调，他们的客户互动大多是积极的，他们的叙述强调终端需求刑事定罪如何阻碍他们的职业安全。将嫖客定为刑事犯罪与谈判性交易条件，包括服务类型、价格和性健康的能力下降有关。客户倾向于现金支付以保持匿名，这导致抢劫和袭击的风险增加，因为他们知道性工作场所的现金流量很高，而且不愿意寻求警察保护。工作人员还指出，客户害怕被警察起诉或“出柜”，这增强了羞耻感，这与客户的攻击性增加有关。将嫖客定罪的政策和法律与维护性工作者职业健康和安全以及人权的努力不相容。为了支持加拿大性产业所有参与者的福祉和人权，迫切需要将性工作合法化。
In 2014, Canada implemented end-demand sex work legislation that criminalises clients and third parties (eg, managers, security personnel, etc) involved in sex work. The focus of this analysis is to explore how the criminalisation of clients shapes the occupational health and safety of sex workers. As part of a longstanding community-based study (An Evaluation of Sex Workers’ Health Access), this analysis draws on 47 in-depth qualitative interviews with indoor sex workers and third parties. Informed by an intersectional lens and guided by a structural determinants of health framework, this work seeks to characterise the impact of client criminalisation in shaping the occupational health and safety of indoor sex workers. Indoor sex work venues (eg, massage parlour, in-call, brothel, etc) operating in Metro Vancouver, Canada. 47 predominately racialised sex workers and third parties working in indoor environments between 2017 and 2018. While participants highlighted that the majority of their client interactions were positive, their narratives emphasised how end-demand criminalisation impeded their occupational safety. The criminalisation of clients was linked to reduced ability to negotiate the terms of sexual transactions, including type of service, price and sexual health. Client preference for cash payments to maintain anonymity led to increased risk of robbery and assault due to knowledge of high cash flow in sex work venues and a reluctance to seek police protection. Workers also noted that client fear of being prosecuted or ‘outed’ by police enhanced feelings of shame, which was linked to increased aggression by clients. Policies and laws that criminalise clients are incompatible with efforts to uphold the occupational health and safety and human rights of sex workers. The decriminalisation of sex work is urgently needed in order to support the well-being and human rights of all those involved in the Canadian sex industry.
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