RNF43 truncations trap CK1 to drive niche-independent self-renewal in cancer.
RNF43 truncations trap CK1 to drive niche-independent self-renewal in cancer.
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DOI:
10.15252/embj.2019103932
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发表时间:
2020-09-15
期刊:
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Maurice MM
中科院分区:
文献类型:
--
作者:
Spit M;Fenderico N;Jordens I;Radaszkiewicz T;Lindeboom RG;Bugter JM;Cristobal A;Ootes L;van Osch M;Janssen E;Boonekamp KE;Hanakova K;Potesil D;Zdrahal Z;Boj SF;Medema JP;Bryja V;Koo BK;Vermeulen M;Maurice MM
Wnt/β‐catenin signaling is a primary pathway for stem cell maintenance during tissue renewal and a frequent target for mutations in cancer. Impaired Wnt receptor endocytosis due to loss of the ubiquitin ligase RNF43 gives rise to Wnt‐hypersensitive tumors that are susceptible to anti‐Wnt‐based therapy. Contrary to this paradigm, we identify a class of RNF43 truncating cancer mutations that induce β‐catenin‐mediated transcription, despite exhibiting retained Wnt receptor downregulation. These mutations interfere with a ubiquitin‐independent suppressor role of the RNF43 cytosolic tail that involves Casein kinase 1 (CK1) binding and phosphorylation. Mechanistically, truncated RNF43 variants trap CK1 at the plasma membrane, thereby preventing β‐catenin turnover and propelling ligand‐independent target gene transcription. Gene editing of human colon stem cells shows that RNF43 truncations cooperate with p53 loss to drive a niche‐independent program for self‐renewal and proliferation. Moreover, these RNF43 variants confer decreased sensitivity to anti‐Wnt‐based therapy. Our data demonstrate the relevance of studying patient‐derived mutations for understanding disease mechanisms and improved applications of precision medicine. C‐terminal shortening of RNF43 promotes Wnt/β‐catenin by decreasing destruction complex activity without effects on its ubiquitin ligase activity.
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