Modulation of nutrient metabolism and homeostasis by the immune system
Modulation of nutrient metabolism and homeostasis by the immune system
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DOI：
10.1079/wps20037
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发表时间：
2004-03-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Klasing, KC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Humphrey, BD;Klasing, KC
营养和免疫之间的相互作用是多种多样的，对动物的生长和生产力有着深远的影响。先天免疫系统在感染的初始阶段提供保护，并负责介导营养代谢的许多改变。巨噬细胞是先天免疫系统的关键感觉和调节细胞。它们的促炎细胞因子协调对病原体的局部免疫，但也全身性地改变代谢稳态并降低食物摄入和生长速率。能量、氨基酸、脂质和矿物质代谢的改变具有重要的营养意义。例如，先天性免疫应答导致骨骼肌对氨基酸的摄取减少，肝脏的摄取相应增加，白细胞的摄取增加程度较低。最终结果是氨基酸需求量减少，而其用于生长的效率没有变化。个别组织对营养的优先权的转变似乎是通过其营养转运蛋白和储存蛋白的类型和数量的变化来实现的。适应性免疫反应导致营养代谢的变化比先天反应要微妙得多。
Interactions between nutrition and immunity are diverse and have profound implications on animal growth and productivity. The innate immune system provides protection during the initial stages of infection and is responsible for mediating many of the alterations in nutrient metabolism. The macrophage is the key sensory and regulatory cell of the innate immune system. Their pro-inflammatory cytokines coordinate local immunity to pathogens, yet also act systemically to alter metabolic homeostasis and decrease food intake and growth rate. Altered energy, amino acid, lipid, and mineral metabolism have nutritionally important implications. For example, an innate immune response results in decreased uptake of amino acids by skeletal muscles and a corresponding increase in uptake by the liver and to a lesser extent by leukocytes. The net result is a decrease in amino acid requirements with no change in the efficiency of their use for growth. The shift in the priority of individual tissues for nutrients appears to be accomplished by changes in the types and amounts of their nutrient transporters and storage proteins. Adaptive immune responses result in considerably more subtle changes in nutrient metabolism than innate responses.