Social Anxiety and the Quality of Everyday Social Interactions: The Moderating Influence of Alcohol Consumption
Social Anxiety and the Quality of Everyday Social Interactions: The Moderating Influence of Alcohol Consumption
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DOI：
10.1016/j.beth.2017.10.002
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发表时间：
2018-05-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Kashdan, Todd B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Goodman, Fallon R.;Stiksma, Melissa C.;Kashdan, Todd B.
大多数关于社交焦虑和饮酒之间联系的研究都在研究有问题的结果，而没有考虑潜在的适应功能。酒精是一种抗焦虑药，具有减少焦虑的短期益处;消费可以作为社会润滑剂，促进更高质量的社会互动。使用经验抽样方法，我们研究了饮酒如何减弱自然发生的社交互动中社交焦虑的不利影响。参与者（N= 160）完成了人口统计学和特质测量，然后连续14天完成每日评估。多层次模型分析的结果显示，在面对面的社交互动中，状态社交焦虑与健康社交互动的10个指标呈负相关（例如，享受、欢笑、接受的感觉）。饮酒调节了其中七种关联，当参与者在社交场合饮酒时，状态社交焦虑不再与社交互动质量相关。酒精饮料的摄入量缓和了其中两种关联。此外，我们发现了方向性的证据，例如给定社交互动中的社交焦虑预测了随后社交互动中的酒精消费，但不是相反（即，饮酒量不能预测状态社交焦虑）。在涉及酒精的社交场合，社交焦虑的经历不再阻碍一个人获得社交利益的能力。这些结果应该在社交焦虑和饮酒频率相对较低的参与者样本的背景下进行解释。尽管如此，获得社会奖励可能是一种强化机制，维持了社交焦虑和饮酒之间的联系。
Most research on the link between social anxiety and alcohol consumption has examined problematic outcomes without consideration of potential adaptive functions. Alcohol is an anxiolytic that has the short-term benefit of reducing anxiety; consumption may act as a social lubricant that facilitates higher quality social interactions. Using experience-sampling methodology, we examined how consuming alcohol attenuates the adverse effects of social anxiety in naturally occurring social interactions. Participants (N= 160) completed demographic and trait measures, then completed daily assessments for 14 consecutive days. Results from multilevel model analyses revealed that during face-to-face social interactions, state social anxiety was inversely related to 10 indicators of healthy social interactions (e.g., enjoyment, laughter, feelings of acceptance). Alcohol consumption moderated seven of these associations, such that when participants consumed alcohol in social situations, state social anxiety was no longer associated with social interaction quality. The quantity of alcoholic drinks consumed moderated two of these associations. Furthermore, we found evidence for directionality, such that social anxiety in a given social interaction predicted alcohol consumption in a subsequent social interaction, but not the reverse (i.e., alcohol consumption did not prospectively predict state social anxiety). In social situations that involved alcohol, experiences of social anxiety no longer thwarted one's ability to derive social benefits. These results should be interpreted in the context of a participant sample with relatively low levels of trait social anxiety and frequency of alcohol use. Nonetheless, obtaining social rewards may be a reinforcement mechanism that maintains the link between social anxiety and alcohol consumption.