SOME PROPERTIES OF BILINGUAL MAINTENANCE AND LOSS IN MEXICAN BACKGROUND HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS
SOME PROPERTIES OF BILINGUAL MAINTENANCE AND LOSS IN MEXICAN BACKGROUND HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS
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DOI：
10.1093/applin/13.1.72
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发表时间：
1992-03-01
影响因子：
3.6
通讯作者：
DANDREA, D
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
HAKUTA, K;DANDREA, D
对308名墨西哥裔高中生西班牙语/英语双语能力维持和丧失的特点进行了调查。在美国，研究对象根据他们的家庭建立程度进行分类。调查的关键变量是他们实际和自我报告的西班牙语和英语熟练程度，自我报告的不同环境下的语言选择行为，以及他们的语言态度。西班牙语熟练程度的最大差异出现在出生在美国但父母出生在墨西哥的人群和父母出生在美国的人群之间，这一群体对西班牙语的掌握程度很明显。西班牙语熟练程度的维持主要与成人在家庭中的语言练习有关，而与受试者在家庭外的语言选择或他们的语言态度无关。反过来，成年人的语言选择被发现受到移民人口统计事实的影响，成年人在家中使用英语的能力，以及家庭社会网络与墨西哥关系的距离增加。在家庭领域之外，语言选择显示出向英语的快速和持续的转变。这种语言选择的转变与西班牙语熟练程度无关，而是由受试者的语言态度预测的。语言态度似乎也影响了西班牙语和英语自我报告的熟练程度。最后，西班牙语词汇产生和识别的反应延迟任务表明，西班牙语的损耗最好表现为检索困难，而不是完全丧失。
Properties of the maintenance and loss of Spanish/English bilingualism were investigated in 308 high-school students of Mexican background. Subjects were classified by their depth of familial establishment in the United States. The key variables investigated were their actual and self-reported proficiencies in Spanish and English, self-reported language choice behavior in various settings, and their language attitude. The largest difference in Spanish proficiency was found between the cohort who were born in the United States but whose parents were born in Mexico and the cohort whose parents were born in the United States, with maintenance of Spanish evident up to this group. Maintenance of Spanish proficiency was principally associated with adult language practice in the home, and was not predicted by the subject's language choice outside the home or their language attitude. In turn, adult language choice was found to be affected by the demographic fact of immigration, the adult's ability to use English in the home, and increasing distance in the familial social network ties to Mexico. Outside of the home domain, language choice was found to show rapid and constant shift towards English. This shift in language choice was unrelated to Spanish proficiency, but instead was predicted by the subject's language attitude. Language attitude also appeared to contaminate self-reported proficiency in both Spanish and English. Finally, a response latency task for vocabulary production and recognition in Spanish suggested that attrition of Spanish is best characterized as difficulty in retrieval rather than total loss.