Finding the Self in Metacognitive Evaluations: Metamemory and Agency in Nondemented Elders
Finding the Self in Metacognitive Evaluations: Metamemory and Agency in Nondemented Elders
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在元认知评价中寻找自我： 非失智症老人的元记忆与代理能力
DOI：
10.1037/a0023972
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Stern, Yaakov
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cosentino, Stephanie;Metcalfe, Janet;Stern, Yaakov
目的：元认知方法用于检查健康成年人自我参照处理的完整性，并已用于研究神经和精神病人群的自我概念障碍。然而。元认知评估评估独特的自我评估能力的程度，这种能力无法通过初级认知功能完全解释。人口统计。或者心情不清楚。当前研究的目的是检验元记忆和元认知测试是否具有自我参照关联，而这种关联无法通过认知、人口统计学或情绪来解释。方法：38 名非痴呆老年人（简易精神状态检查 [MMSE] >= 24 且平均年龄 = 68.13）参与元认知测试并完成认知测试和情绪问卷。双变量相关性用于评估元记忆和代理之间的关联。并确定认知（记忆、注意力和执行功能）。人口统计（年龄和教育程度）和情绪（焦虑和抑郁）彼此相关。然后将元记忆和代理的相关性输入线性回归模型，以确定元认知测量之间是否仍然存在任何关联。结果：元记忆与机构判断相关（n = 27）。特别是那些自我对照试验而不是计算机控制试验（r = .41，p = .03）。回归结果支持了代理在预测元记忆中的作用。超越记忆和教育（beta = .39，p = .034）。元记忆也是机构判断的独立预测因子（beta = .36，p = .049）。结论：元记忆和机构判断之间的相互关系表明，元认知测试捕获了自我参照处理的一个重要方面，而在标准认知评估中并未对其进行评估，并且可能提供有关临床人群自我评价能力的独特信息。
Objective: Metacognitive methodologies are used to examine the integrity of self-referential processing in healthy adults and have been implemented to study disorders of the self-concept in neurologic and psychiatric populations. However. the extent to which metacognitive evaluations assess a uniquely self-evaluative capacity that cannot he explained fully by primary cognitive functions. demographics. or mood is not clear. The objective of the current study was to examine whether metamemory and a metacognitive test of agency shared a self-referential association that would not he explained by cognition, demographics, or mood. Method: Thirty-eight nondemented older adults (Mini Mental State Examination [MMSE] >= 24 and mean age = 68.13) participated in metacognitive testing and completed cognitive testing and mood questionnaires. Bivariate correlations were used to evaluate the association between metamemory and agency. and to determine the cognitive (memory. attention, and executive functioning). demographic (age and education), and mood (anxiety and depression) correlates of each. Correlates of metamemory and agency were then entered into linear regression models to determine whether any association between metacognitive measures remained. Results: Metamemory was associated with agency judgments (n = 27). specifically those on self-controlled rather than computer-controlled trials (r = .41, p = .03). Regression results supported a role for agency in predicting metamemory. above and beyond memory and education (beta = .39, p = .034). Metamemory was also an independent predictor of agency judgments (beta = .36, p = .049). Conclusions: The interrelation between metamemory and agency judgments suggests that metacognitive testing captures an important aspect of self-referential processing not otherwise assessed in a standard cognitive evaluation and may provide unique information about self-evaluative capacities in clinical populations.