The Rho/Rac exchange factor Vav2 controls nitric oxide-dependent responses in mouse vascular smooth muscle cells.

The Rho/Rac exchange factor Vav2 controls nitric oxide-dependent responses in mouse vascular smooth muscle cells.
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Rho/Rac 交换因子 Vav2 控制小鼠血管平滑肌细胞中的一氧化氮依赖性反应。

DOI:
10.1172/jci38356
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发表时间:
2010
期刊:
The Journal of clinical investigation
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Bustelo,XoséR
Bustelo,XoséR
中科院分区:
--
文献类型:
--
作者:
Sauzeau,Vincent;Sevilla,MaríaA;Montero,MaríaJ;Bustelo,XoséR

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动脉收缩力的调节对于血压控制至关重要。 GTPase RhoA 通过调节血管平滑肌细胞的细胞骨架来促进血管收缩。其他 Rho/Rac 通路是否有助于血压调节仍不清楚。通过研究缺乏 Rho/Rac 激活剂 Vav2 的高血压基因敲除小鼠,我们发现了一条涉及 Vav2、GTPase Rac1 和丝氨酸/苏氨酸激酶 Pak 的新信号通路,该通路有助于一氧化氮触发的血管舒张和血压正常。该通路介导 Pak 依赖性磷酸二酯酶 5 型抑制,这一过程有利于 RhoA 失活以及随后血管平滑肌细胞中 F-肌动蛋白细胞骨架的解聚。 5 型磷酸二酯酶的抑制需要其与自磷酸化 Pak1 的物理相互作用,但出乎意料的是,这两种蛋白质之间没有可检测到的转磷酸化事件。在 Vav2 缺陷动物中,给予 5 型磷酸二酯酶抑制剂可预防高血压和心血管疾病的发生,证明了这一新途径参与了血压调节。总而言之,这些结果揭示了 Vav2 敲除小鼠心血管表型的一个原因,确定了新的 Rac1/Pak1 信号通路,并为更好地理解生理和病理状态下的血压控制提供了机制框架。
The regulation of arterial contractility is essential for blood pressure control. The GTPase RhoA promotes vasoconstriction by modulating the cytoskeleton of vascular smooth muscle cells. Whether other Rho/Rac pathways contribute to blood pressure regulation remains unknown. By studying a hypertensive knockout mouse lacking the Rho/Rac activator Vav2, we have discovered a new signaling pathway involving Vav2, the GTPase Rac1, and the serine/threonine kinase Pak that contributes to nitric oxide–triggered blood vessel relaxation and normotensia. This pathway mediated the Pak-dependent inhibition of phosphodiesterase type 5, a process that favored RhoA inactivation and the subsequent depolymerization of the F-actin cytoskeleton in vascular smooth muscle cells. The inhibition of phosphodiesterase type 5 required its physical interaction with autophosphorylated Pak1 but, unexpectedly, occurred without detectable transphosphorylation events between those 2 proteins. The administration of phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors prevented the development of hypertension and cardiovascular disease in Vav2-deficient animals, demonstrating the involvement of this new pathway in blood pressure regulation. Taken together, these results unveil one cause of the cardiovascular phenotype ofVav2-knockout mice, identify a new Rac1/Pak1 signaling pathway, and provide a mechanistic framework for better understanding blood pressure control in physiological and pathological states.
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