Are drunk-driving offenders referred for screening accurately reporting their drug use?
Are drunk-driving offenders referred for screening accurately reporting their drug use?
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DOI：
10.1016/s0376-8716(02)00004-2
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发表时间：
2002-05-01
影响因子：
4.2
通讯作者：
Berger, LR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lapham, SC;Baca, JC;Berger, LR
多项研究报告称，在因不良驾驶而被捕的罪犯中，除了酗酒外，还有相当大比例的人滥用药物。目前的指南建议对酗酒和其他吸毒的违法者进行筛查，但人们对这一人群自我报告吸毒的准确性知之甚少。我们比较了DSM-III-R对583名女性和495名男性酒后驾车罪犯的初步筛查评估中的药物滥用和依赖诊断，以及5年后通过自愿、非强制采访获得的诊断。在最初的筛查中，只有不到6%的罪犯被诊断为药物滥用或依赖。在没有接受初步药物诊断的罪犯中，28%的人随后报告经历过药物使用问题，这与他们接受筛查的年龄对药物滥用或依赖的回顾诊断一致。在那些被回顾诊断为药物依赖的人中，有一半的人报告说，他们最初的筛查反应“非常准确”。我们的结论是，尽管许多接受筛查的酒后驾车罪犯都有可诊断的药物问题，但有很高比例的人漏报了他们的药物使用情况。我们建议，对筛查程序的某些修改，如尿液药物筛查，减少治疗障碍，以及对咨询师进行激励性访谈技术培训，可能会提高对这一人群中药物使用问题的准确识别。(C)2002爱思唯尔科学爱尔兰有限公司。保留所有权利。
Several studies report that a substantial percentage of offenders arrested for impaired driving test positive for drugs of abuse besides alcohol. Current guidelines recommend screening offenders for both alcohol and other drug use, yet little is known about the accuracy of self-reports of drug use in this population. We compared drug abuse and dependence DSM-III-R diagnoses from an initial, court-ordered screening evaluation of 583 female and 495 male convicted drunk-driving offenders with diagnoses obtained via a voluntary, non-coerced interview 5 years later. At initial screening, fewer than 6% of offenders were diagnosed with drug abuse or dependence. Among offenders who did not receive an initial drug diagnosis, 28% subsequently reported having experienced drug use problems consistent with a retrospective diagnosis of drug abuse or dependence by the age at which they were screened. Half of those with a retrospective diagnosis of drug dependence reported their initial screening responses were "very accurate". We conclude that, although many drunk-driving offenders undergoing screening have diagnosable drug problems, a high proportion under-report their drug use. We suggest that certain modifications to screening procedures, such as urine drug screening, reducing barriers to treatment, and training counselors in motivational interviewing techniques, may increase accurate identification of drug use problems in this population. (C) 2002 Elsevier Science Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.