Recommendations for the ethical use and design of artificial intelligent care providers
Recommendations for the ethical use and design of artificial intelligent care providers
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DOI：
10.1016/j.artmed.2014.06.004
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
影响因子：
7.5
通讯作者：
Luxton, David D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luxton, David D.
目的：本文识别并回顾了与精神卫生保健和其他帮助专业中人工智能护理提供者（AICPs）相关的伦理问题。对道德规范的制定、指导方针和AICPs的设计提出了具体建议。方法：回顾当前精神卫生伦理原则及相关技术的应用进展，并对精神卫生保健中适用的伦理原则进行基本概述。然后详细审查有关使用AICPs的新出现的伦理问题。对道德准则和指导方针的建议以及半自主和自主AICP系统的发展进行了描述。为了权衡使用AICPs的利弊，讨论了AICPs的好处和对帮助专业的影响。结果：现有的道德规范和实践指南目前没有考虑当前或未来使用交互式人工智能代理来协助和潜在地取代精神卫生保健专业人员。AICPs提出了新的伦理问题，这将对精神卫生保健和其他帮助专业产生重大影响。主要问题包括治疗关系、能力、责任、信任、隐私和患者安全。许多相同的伦理和哲学考虑也适用于医学、护理、社会工作、教育和牧师的AICPs的使用和设计。结论：关于使用AICP系统的伦理和道德方面，今天必须深思熟虑，因为这将有助于指导这些系统在未来的使用和发展。所提出的主题与最终用户、人工智能开发人员和研究人员以及政策制定者和监管委员会相关。Elsevier B.V.出版
Objective: This paper identifies and reviews ethical issues associated with artificial intelligent care providers (AICPs) in mental health care and other helping professions. Specific recommendations are made for the development of ethical codes, guidelines, and the design of AICPs.Methods: Current developments in the application of AICPs and associated technologies are reviewed and a foundational overview of applicable ethical principles in mental health care is provided. Emerging ethical issues regarding the use of AICPs are then reviewed in detail. Recommendations for ethical codes and guidelines as well as for the development of semi-autonomous and autonomous AICP systems are described. The benefits of AICPs and implications for the helping professions are discussed in order to weigh the pros and cons of their use.Results: Existing ethics codes and practice guidelines do not presently consider the current or the future use of interactive artificial intelligent agents to assist and to potentially replace mental health care professionals. AICPs present new ethical issues that will have significant ramifications for the mental health care and other helping professions. Primary issues involve the therapeutic relationship, competence, liability, trust, privacy, and patient safety. Many of the same ethical and philosophical considerations are applicable to use and design of AICPs in medicine, nursing, social work, education, and ministry.Conclusion: The ethical and moral aspects regarding the use of AICP systems must be well thought-out today as this will help to guide the use and development of these systems in the future. Topics presented are relevant to end users, AI developers, and researchers, as well as policy makers and regulatory boards. Published by Elsevier B.V.