Marine DNA Viral Macro- and Microdiversity from Pole to Pole
Marine DNA Viral Macro- and Microdiversity from Pole to Pole
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cell.2019.03.040
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发表时间：
2019-05-16
期刊：
影响因子：
64.5
通讯作者：
Sullivan, Matthew B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gregory, Ann C.;Zayed, Ahmed A.;Sullivan, Matthew B.
微生物驱动大多数生态系统，并受到影响其寿命、基因流动和新陈代谢产出的病毒的调节。然而，由于分类问题和参考基因组很少，病毒群落多样性对生态系统的影响仍然很难评估。在这里，我们建立了一个类似于扩大12倍的全球海洋DNA病毒组数据集，该数据集包含195,728个病毒种群，现在包括北冰洋，并验证这些种群形成离散的基因类群。元群落分析揭示了全球海洋的五个生态区，其中包括两个截然不同的北极生态带，并确定了当地和全球格局以及病毒群落多样性的驱动因素：宏观多样性(种群间多样性)和微观多样性(种群内遗传变异)。这些模式有时(但并非总是)与大型生物的模式相似，揭示了温带和热带表层水域以及北极是生物多样性的热点，并提出了解释它们的机械假设。这种对海洋病毒的进一步了解对于更广泛地纳入生态系统模型至关重要。
Microbes drive most ecosystems and are modulated by viruses that impact their lifespan, gene flow, and metabolic outputs. However, ecosystem-level impacts of viral community diversity remain difficult to assess due to classification issues and few reference genomes. Here, we establish an similar to 12-fold expanded global ocean DNA virome dataset of 195,728 viral populations, now including the Arctic Ocean, and validate that these populations form discrete genotypic clusters. Meta-community analyses revealed five ecological zones throughout the global ocean, including two distinct Arctic Across the zones, local and global patterns and drivers in viral community diversity were established for macrodiversity (inter-population diversity; and microdiversity (intra-population genetic variation). These patterns sometimes, but not always, paralleled those from macro-organisms and revealed temperate and tropical surface waters and the Arctic as biodiversity hotspots and mechanistic hypotheses to explain them. Such further understanding of ocean viruses is critical for broader inclusion in ecosystem models.