A gradient analysis of urban landscape pattern: a case study from the Phoenix metropolitan region, Arizona, USA
A gradient analysis of urban landscape pattern: a case study from the Phoenix metropolitan region, Arizona, USA
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DOI：
10.1023/a:1020512723753
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Wu, JG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Luck, M;Wu, JG
城市化可以说是最戏剧性的土地变化形式，它深刻地影响着生物多样性和人类生活。对景观格局及其变化进行量化，对于监测和评价城市化的生态后果至关重要。将梯度分析与景观度量相结合，试图量化美国亚利桑那州凤凰城大都市区城市化的空间格局。沿着一条165公里长、15公里宽、带有移动窗口的样带计算了几个景观指标。这项研究旨在解决四个研究问题：不同的土地利用类型如何随着远离城市中心的距离而变化？不同的土地利用类型是否有其独特的空间特征？是否可以使用景观格局分析来检测城市化梯度？不同景观指标之间的城市梯度有何不同？对这些问题的答复大体上是肯定的和信息丰富的。结果表明，采用梯度分析的景观度量方法可以可靠地量化城市化的空间格局，多指标能够准确、一致地确定城市化中心的位置。不同的土地利用类型表现出不同的空间特征，但不一定是唯一的，这取决于具体的景观指标。样带景观格局的变化具有重要的生态学意义，本文所述的城市化梯度的量化是城市生态研究中将格局与过程联系起来的重要第一步。
Urbanization is arguably the most dramatic form of land transformation that profoundly influences biological diversity and human life. Quantifying landscape pattern and its change is essential for the monitoring and assessment of ecological consequences of urbanization. Combining gradient analysis with landscape metrics, we attempted to quantify the spatial pattern of urbanization in the Phoenix metropolitan area, Arizona, USA. Several landscape metrics were computed along a 165 km long and 15 km wide transect with a moving window. The research was designed to address four research questions: How do different land use types change with distance away from the urban center? Do different land use types have their own unique spatial signatures? Can urbanization gradients be detected using landscape pattern analysis? How do the urban gradients differ among landscape metrics? The answers to these questions were generally affirmative and informative. The results showed that the spatial pattern of urbanization could be reliably quantified using landscape metrics with a gradient analysis approach, and the location of the urbanization center could be identified precisely and consistently with multiple indices. Different land use types exhibited distinctive, but not necessarily unique, spatial signatures that were dependent on specific landscape metrics. The changes in landscape pattern along the transect have important ecological implications, and quantifying the urbanization gradient, as illustrated in this paper, is an important first step to linking pattern with processes in urban ecological studies.