Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis, Import, and Assembly
Mitochondrial Protein Synthesis, Import, and Assembly
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DOI：
10.1534/genetics.112.141267
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发表时间：
2012-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Fox, Thomas D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fox, Thomas D.
线粒体可以说是芽殖酵母细胞质中最复杂的细胞器。它对生存能力和呼吸生长都是必不可少的。它最里面的水腔，即基质，由结构严密的内膜包围，而内膜又由膜间空间和外膜包围。这些细胞器中大约有1000种蛋白质，其中8种主要成分是在基质中编码和合成的。在细胞质中合成的线粒体蛋白的输入，以及它们向正确的可溶性区室、正确的膜和正确的膜表面/拓扑的方向，涉及多种途径和大分子机器。一些（但不是全部）细胞质合成的线粒体蛋白的靶向始于定位于细胞器的信使rna的翻译。然后，大多数蛋白质通过外膜的转位酶进入膜间空间，在那里，不同的途径将它们分类到外膜、内膜和基质中，或将它们困在膜间空间中。大约25%的线粒体蛋白参与维持或表达内膜内表面的细胞器基因组，提供7种膜蛋白，其合成为三种呼吸复合物的组装提供核。
The mitochondrion is arguably the most complex organelle in the budding yeast cell cytoplasm. It is essential for viability as well as respiratory growth. Its innermost aqueous compartment, the matrix, is bounded by the highly structured inner membrane, which in turn is bounded by the intermembrane space and the outer membrane. Approximately 1000 proteins are present in these organelles, of which eight major constituents are coded and synthesized in the matrix. The import of mitochondrial proteins synthesized in the cytoplasm, and their direction to the correct soluble compartments, correct membranes, and correct membrane surfaces/topologies, involves multiple pathways and macromolecular machines. The targeting of some, but not all, cytoplasmically synthesized mitochondrial proteins begins with translation of messenger RNAs localized to the organelle. Most proteins then pass through the translocase of the outer membrane to the intermembrane space, where divergent pathways sort them to the outer membrane, inner membrane, and matrix or trap them in the intermembrane space. Roughly 25% of mitochondrial proteins participate in maintenance or expression of the organellar genome at the inner surface of the inner membrane, providing 7 membrane proteins whose synthesis nucleates the assembly of three respiratory complexes.