Diversity and Activity of Lysobacter Species from Disease Suppressive Soils.
Diversity and Activity of Lysobacter Species from Disease Suppressive Soils.
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DOI：
10.3389/fmicb.2015.01243
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
De Bruijn I
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gómez Expósito R;Postma J;Raaijmakers JM;De Bruijn I
溶菌属包括几个种类，它们产生一系列胞外酶和其他代谢产物，具有抗细菌、真菌、卵菌和线虫的活性。土壤中溶菌种类较多，对茄枯丝核菌有抑制作用，但其实际抑制作用尚不清楚。本文研究了18株溶菌菌株的体外和体内抑菌活性，其中11株产自根丝胞菌抑制土壤。根据16S rRNA测序结果，从根丝胞质抑制土壤中分离得到的溶菌属抗生素溶菌、辣椒溶菌、产酶溶菌和粘菌溶菌4种。大多数菌株对番茄红霉和其他几种病原菌，包括黑曲霉、黑曲霉、尖孢镰刀菌和油菜黄单胞菌均有较强的体外活性。然而，将溶菌菌株引入土壤后，对甜菜和菜花的枯枯病没有明显和一致的抑制作用。随后的生物测定进一步表明，溶菌菌株都不能直接或通过挥发性化合物促进甜菜、花椰菜、洋葱和拟南芥的生长。缺乏体内活性很可能是由于引入的溶菌菌株在根际的定植能力差。总之，我们的研究结果表明，溶菌属对一系列病原体具有很强的拮抗活性，使它们成为推定的新酶和抗菌化合物的重要来源。然而，它们在茄茄病害抑制土壤中的潜在作用尚未得到证实。深入的基于组学的分析将需要更多地阐明溶菌菌物种对疾病抑制土壤中微生物群落集体活动的潜在贡献。
The genus Lysobacter includes several species that produce a range of extracellular enzymes and other metabolites with activity against bacteria, fungi, oomycetes, and nematodes. Lysobacter species were found to be more abundant in soil suppressive against the fungal root pathogen Rhizoctonia solani, but their actual role in disease suppression is still unclear. Here, the antifungal and plant growth-promoting activities of 18 Lysobacter strains, including 11 strains from Rhizoctonia-suppressive soils, were studied both in vitro and in vivo. Based on 16S rRNA sequencing, the Lysobacter strains from the Rhizoctonia-suppressive soil belonged to the four species Lysobacter antibioticus, Lysobacter capsici, Lysobacter enzymogenes, and Lysobacter gummosus. Most strains showed strong in vitro activity against R. solani and several other pathogens, including Pythium ultimum, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium oxysporum, and Xanthomonas campestris. When the Lysobacter strains were introduced into soil, however, no significant and consistent suppression of R. solani damping-off disease of sugar beet and cauliflower was observed. Subsequent bioassays further revealed that none of the Lysobacter strains was able to promote growth of sugar beet, cauliflower, onion, and Arabidopsis thaliana, either directly or via volatile compounds. The lack of in vivo activity is most likely attributed to poor colonization of the rhizosphere by the introduced Lysobacter strains. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that Lysobacter species have strong antagonistic activities against a range of pathogens, making them an important source for putative new enzymes and antimicrobial compounds. However, their potential role in R. solani disease suppressive soil could not be confirmed. In-depth omics'–based analyses will be needed to shed more light on the potential contribution of Lysobacter species to the collective activities of microbial consortia in disease suppressive soils.