Climatic assessment of circum-Arctic permafrost zonation over the last 122 kyr

Climatic assessment of circum-Arctic permafrost zonation over the last 122 kyr
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过去122 kyr环北极永久冻土带的气候评估

DOI:
10.1016/j.polar.2021.100765
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
1.8
通讯作者:
Yokohata Tokuta
Yokohata Tokuta
中科院分区:
地球科学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Saito Kazuyuki;Okuno Jun'ichi;Machiya Hirokazu;Iwahana Go;Ohno Hiroshi;Yokohata Tokuta

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多年冻土是寒区环境的一个重要气候因子,具有较长的演化历史。虽然需要直接观测来准确确定是否存在,但这很困难,特别是在偏远地区。对多年冻土地带性的间接评估有助于估计可能的范围,并提供不同气候条件下其时空变化的理解。在本文中,我们采用了一个先前定义的间接评估方法,使用冻融指数,这是修改和评估对新的观测数据集。修订后的方法被应用到时间序列的环北极环境的格陵兰冰芯,现今再分析气候学,和冰川均衡调整模型,并随后,检查的聚集,持久性和退缩的永久冻土。暴露的土地上的冻土区变化911万平方公里(间冰期)和2670万平方公里(冰川),海底和冰下冻土的最大范围分别为770万平方公里和50万平方公里。其面积范围的气候敏感性进行了检查,在极地放大的纬向温度梯度(增加20万km 2 [° C/10°]− 1时,变暖发生)和全球平均年温度(减少430万km 2° C− 1)。
Permafrost is an important climate factor of the cold-region environments, known to evolve over a long timescale. Although direct observations are required for the exact determination of presence, this is difficult especially in remote areas. An indirect assessment of permafrost zonation can help in estimating the probable extents and providing an understanding of its spatiotemporal variability under different climate. In this paper, we adopt a previously defined indirect assessment method using freezing and thawing indices, which was revised and evaluated against new observation-based dataset. The revised method was applied to time-series of the circum-Arctic environment for the past 122 kyr constructed from a Greenland ice core, present-day reanalysis climatology, and a glacial isostatic adjustment model, and subsequently, examined in terms of the aggregation, persistence, and retreat of permafrost. Permafrost zones over exposed land varied between 9.11 million km 2 (interglacial) and 26.7 million km 2 (glacial); the maximum extent of subsea and subglacial permafrost was 7.7 million km 2 and 0.5 million km 2, respectively. The climatic sensitivity of its areal extent was examined for the meridional temperature gradient in the polar amplification (increase by 0.2 million km 2 [° C/10°]− 1 when warming occurs) and the global mean annual temperature (decrease by 4.3 million km 2° C− 1).
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