Utilizing Novel Field and Data Exploration Methods to Explore Hot Moments in High-Frequency Soil Nitrous Oxide Emissions Data: Opportunities and Challenges
Utilizing Novel Field and Data Exploration Methods to Explore Hot Moments in High-Frequency Soil Nitrous Oxide Emissions Data: Opportunities and Challenges
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DOI：
10.3389/ffgc.2022.674348
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发表时间：
2022-05
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
C. O’Connell;T. Anthony;M. Mayes;T. Perez;D. Sihi;W. Silver
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作者：
C. O’Connell;T. Anthony;M. Mayes;T. Perez;D. Sihi;W. Silver
土壤一氧化二氮（N2O）排放是气候变化的重要驱动因素，也是陆地生态系统氮素不稳定损失的主要机制。越来越多的证据表明，在景观上的位置，经历生态地球化学通量不成比例的周围矩阵（热点）和时间段，显示不成比例的高通量相对于背景（热时刻）强烈影响土壤尺度的N2O排放。然而，关于如何测量和模拟这些极端土壤N2O通量发生的地点和时间，仍然存在很大的不确定性。土壤N2O通量的高频数据集是新的可能性，由于现场准备仪器的进步，使用腔衰荡光谱（CRDS）。在这里，我们概述了这种基于现场的仪器的部署和高频土壤N2O通量数据集的收集所提供的机遇和挑战。虽然有大量的挑战与自动化CRDS系统，也有机会利用这些近乎连续的数据，以限制我们的理解，在空间和时间的陆地氮循环的动态。最后，我们提出了未来的研究方向，探索热时刻的N2O排放对N循环的影响，特别是考虑到全球变化的力量可能会改变N动态在未来的差距。
Soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions are an important driver of climate change and are a major mechanism of labile nitrogen (N) loss from terrestrial ecosystems. Evidence increasingly suggests that locations on the landscape that experience biogeochemical fluxes disproportionate to the surrounding matrix (hot spots) and time periods that show disproportionately high fluxes relative to the background (hot moments) strongly influence landscape-scale soil N2O emissions. However, substantial uncertainties remain regarding how to measure and model where and when these extreme soil N2O fluxes occur. High-frequency datasets of soil N2O fluxes are newly possible due to advancements in field-ready instrumentation that uses cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS). Here, we outline the opportunities and challenges that are provided by the deployment of this field-based instrumentation and the collection of high-frequency soil N2O flux datasets. While there are substantial challenges associated with automated CRDS systems, there are also opportunities to utilize these near-continuous data to constrain our understanding of dynamics of the terrestrial N cycle across space and time. Finally, we propose future research directions exploring the influence of hot moments of N2O emissions on the N cycle, particularly considering the gaps surrounding how global change forces are likely to alter N dynamics in the future.