Managing enzyme promiscuity in plant specialized metabolism: A lesson from flavonoid biosynthesis
Managing enzyme promiscuity in plant specialized metabolism: A lesson from flavonoid biosynthesis
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DOI：
10.1002/bies.202000164
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发表时间：
2020-11
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Toshiyuki Waki;Seiji Takahashi;T. Nakayama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Toshiyuki Waki;Seiji Takahashi;T. Nakayama
参与植物特化代谢（包括类黄酮生物合成）的酶的特异性通常是混杂的。这种酶的混杂性已成为陆地植物适应环境挑战的新酶功能和代谢途径的进化基础。然而，这种现象可能导致专门代谢效率低下，并对代谢物介导的植物生存产生不利影响。因此，植物如何管理酶的混杂以实现有效的专门代谢是一个悬而未决的问题。最近针对这一问题的类黄酮生物合成研究揭示了一种保守策略，即不具有催化活性的查耳酮异构酶同系物与查耳酮合酶（一种关键的类黄酮途径酶）结合，以缩小（或纠正）该酶高度混杂的产物特异性。通过代谢酶和蛋白质之间的特定蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用来减少混杂性可能是陆地植物实现专门代谢的高效运行所采用的解决方案，而酶的内在混杂性很可能被偶然保留。
Specificities of enzymes involved in plant specialized metabolism, including flavonoid biosynthesis, are generally promiscuous. This enzyme promiscuity has served as an evolutionary basis for new enzyme functions and metabolic pathways in land plants adapting to environmental challenges. This phenomenon may lead, however, to inefficiency in specialized metabolism and adversely affect metabolite‐mediated plant survival. How plants manage enzyme promiscuity for efficient specialized metabolism is, thus, an open question. Recent studies of flavonoid biosynthesis addressing this issue have revealed a conserved strategy, namely, a homolog of chalcone isomerase with no catalytic activity binds to chalcone synthase, a key flavonoid pathway enzyme, to narrow (or rectify) the enzyme's highly promiscuous product specificity. Reducing promiscuity via specific protein–protein interactions among metabolic enzymes and proteins may be a solution adopted by land plants to achieve efficient operation of specialized metabolism, while the intrinsic promiscuity of enzymes has likely been retained incidentally.