A Sensitivity Analysis of the Impact of Rain on Regional and Global Sea-Air Fluxes of CO2.
A Sensitivity Analysis of the Impact of Rain on Regional and Global Sea-Air Fluxes of CO2.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0161105
复制
发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Quartly GD
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ashton IG;Shutler JD;Land PE;Woolf DK;Quartly GD
全球海洋被认为是大气二氧化碳 (CO2) 的主要汇。众所周知，雨水会改变海面的物理和化学条件，从而影响二氧化碳在海洋和大气之间的转移。它可以通过提高气体传输速度、将碳从大气直接输出到海洋、改变海表温度以及通过表层稀释来影响气体交换。然而，迄今为止，很少有研究量化这些对全球净海气通量的影响。在这里，我们使用 7 年时间序列的每月全球气候质量卫星遥感观测、模型和现场数据，在全球净海气通量的计算中纳入了增强的气体转移速度和碳的直接输出等术语。与线性关系相比，雨和风的影响之间的非线性关系的使用显着降低了雨引起的表面湍流对海气气体转移速率的估计影响。然而，在全球范围内，降雨增强了气体转移和降雨引起的直接输出使估计的年度海洋综合二氧化碳净汇增加了 6%。从区域来看，变化可能更大，降雨使太平洋的估计年度净汇增加高达 15%，并使每月净通量改变 > ± 50%。基于这些分析，降雨的影响应纳入估计二氧化碳海气净通量的研究的不确定性分析中，因为降雨可能产生相当大的影响，具体取决于区域和时间尺度。
The global oceans are considered a major sink of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Rain is known to alter the physical and chemical conditions at the sea surface, and thus influence the transfer of CO2 between the ocean and atmosphere. It can influence gas exchange through enhanced gas transfer velocity, the direct export of carbon from the atmosphere to the ocean, by altering the sea skin temperature, and through surface layer dilution. However, to date, very few studies quantifying these effects on global net sea-air fluxes exist. Here, we include terms for the enhanced gas transfer velocity and the direct export of carbon in calculations of the global net sea-air fluxes, using a 7-year time series of monthly global climate quality satellite remote sensing observations, model and in-situ data. The use of a non-linear relationship between the effects of rain and wind significantly reduces the estimated impact of rain-induced surface turbulence on the rate of sea-air gas transfer, when compared to a linear relationship. Nevertheless, globally, the rain enhanced gas transfer and rain induced direct export increase the estimated annual oceanic integrated net sink of CO2 by up to 6%. Regionally, the variations can be larger, with rain increasing the estimated annual net sink in the Pacific Ocean by up to 15% and altering monthly net flux by > ± 50%. Based on these analyses, the impacts of rain should be included in the uncertainty analysis of studies that estimate net sea-air fluxes of CO2 as the rain can have a considerable impact, dependent upon the region and timescale.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
3.6
作者：
Ho, DT;Zappa, CJ;Hendricks, MB
通讯作者：
Hendricks, MB
影响因子：
2.2
作者：
Shutler, Jamie D.;Land, Peter E.;Donlon, Craig J.
通讯作者：
Donlon, Craig J.
DOI：
10.1016/j.dsr2.2008.12.009
发表时间：
2009-04-01
影响因子：
3
作者：
Takahashi, Taro;Sutherland, Stewart C.;de Baar, Hein J. W.
通讯作者：
de Baar, Hein J. W.
影响因子：
13.5
作者：
Donlon, Craig J.;Martin, Matthew;Wimmer, Werenfrid
通讯作者：
Wimmer, Werenfrid
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Ho, David T.;Veron, Fabrice;McGillis, Wade R.
通讯作者：
McGillis, Wade R.