DISPERSAL IN VARYING ENVIRONMENTS - THE CASE OF PHORETIC UROPODID MITES
DISPERSAL IN VARYING ENVIRONMENTS - THE CASE OF PHORETIC UROPODID MITES
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DOI：
10.1139/z93-255
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发表时间：
1993-09-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
ATHIASBINCHE, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
ATHIASBINCHE, F
Phoresy是一种分散策略，其中一只动物主动寻找并附着在另一只动物身上进行运输。对于生活在专门的微生境或不可预测的环境中的许多螨类来说，光扩散是至关重要的。本文研究了栖息在枯木上的尾部蠕形螨表型可塑性及其与迁移行为启动的关系。双形虫是双态的，一个变种是久坐不动的，另一个是保证迁徙的显性变型。移民和迁出估计为5年。每年都会发生迁徙，这是季节性迁徙的结果。火龙子在春天迁徙，依附于食木昆虫。它们是在秋天迁徙的，当时主人正在建造它们的画廊。随着枯木的逐渐分解，年平均迁移率显著增加，而迁移率在木材老化的后期趋于减少。结果，德姆人最终衰落并灭绝了。因此，移民率被德梅人根据当地情况而操纵。这似乎不是遗传上的固定基因。多效性基因的参与可能与迁移行为的激活或藻类的产生有关。移民率并不是固定的，因为到达的流量取决于异种携带者。另一方面，久坐不动的吗啡的产生速度没有变化，似乎是遗传固定的。
Phoresy is a dispersal strategy in which one animal actively seeks out and attaches to another animal for transport. Phoretic dispersal is vital in many groups of mites that live in specialized microhabitats or unpredictable environments. This study deals with phenotypic plasticity and its relationship to initiation of the migration behaviour in a uropodid mite, Allodinychus flagelliger (Berlese), which inhabits dead wood. The deutonymphs are bimorphic, one morph being sedentary and the other, phoretic morph ensuring migration. Immigration and emigration were estimated for a 5-year period. Migration took place every year, as a result of obligate seasonal phoresy. The phoronts emigrated in spring attached to xylophagous insects. They immigrated in autumn, when their hosts built their galleries. The average annual emigration rate significantly increased as a function of the progressive decomposition of the dead wood, while immigration tended to diminish in the late stages of wood ageing. As a consequence, the deme finally declined and became extinct. Thus, the rate of emigration was manipulated by the deme in response to local conditions. It appeared not to be genetically fixed. The involvement of pleiotropic genes is possibly implied in the activation of migratory behaviour or the production of phoronts. The immigration rate is not fixed, because the arrival flow depends on heterospecific carriers. On the other hand, the rate of production of sedentary morphs did not vary and seemed to be genetically fixed.