Neurons sense nanoscale roughness with nanometer sensitivity
Neurons sense nanoscale roughness with nanometer sensitivity
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0914456107
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发表时间：
2010-04-06
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Pompa, P. P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Brunetti, V.;Maiorano, G.;Pompa, P. P.
细胞和纳米结构材料之间的相互作用正吸引着越来越多的兴趣，因为有可能为设计具有活性生物功能的智能纳米生物材料开辟新的概念。在这个框架中，我们研究了人神经母细胞瘤细胞系（SH-SY 5 Y）对不同纳米粗糙度的金表面的响应。为了实现纳米分辨率的纳米粗糙度的精确控制，我们利用了基于自发电流位移反应的湿化学方法。我们证明，神经元的感觉和积极响应的表面纳米形貌，具有令人惊讶的灵敏度变化的几个纳米。我们发现，粘着斑复合物，这使得细胞传感，受到纳米结构表面的强烈影响，导致细胞粘附显着下降。此外，贴附在纳米粗糙表面上的细胞表现出神经元极性丧失、高尔基体碎裂、核浓缩和功能上没有组织的肌动蛋白细胞骨架。细胞凋亡/坏死测定确定纳米级特征通过坏死诱导细胞死亡，其趋势与粗糙度值直接相关。最后，通过将SH-SY 5 Y细胞接种到微图案化的平坦和纳米粗糙的金表面上，我们证明了实现具有亲细胞或疏细胞行为的基底的可能性，只需在纳米尺度上微调其表面形貌。细胞的特异性和功能性粘附仅发生在平坦的金条纹上，具有清晰的神经元自对准，为设计和开发具有精确纳米结构触发的生物反应的生物材料提供了简单而优雅的方法。
The interaction between cells and nanostructured materials is attracting increasing interest, because of the possibility to open up novel concepts for the design of smart nanobiomaterials with active biological functionalities. In this frame we investigated the response of human neuroblastoma cell line (SH-SY5Y) to gold surfaces with different levels of nanoroughness. To achieve a precise control of the nanoroughness with nanometer resolution, we exploited a wet chemistry approach based on spontaneous galvanic displacement reaction. We demonstrated that neurons sense and actively respond to the surface nanotopography, with a surprising sensitivity to variations of few nanometers. We showed that focal adhesion complexes, which allow cellular sensing, are strongly affected by nanostructured surfaces, leading to a marked decrease in cell adhesion. Moreover, cells adherent on nanorough surfaces exhibit loss of neuron polarity, Golgi apparatus fragmentation, nuclear condensation, and actin cytoskeleton that is not functionally organized. Apoptosis/necrosis assays established that nanoscale features induce cell death by necrosis, with a trend directly related to roughness values. Finally, by seeding SH-SY5Y cells onto micropatterned flat and nanorough gold surfaces, we demonstrated the possibility to realize substrates with cytophilic or cytophobic behavior, simply by fine-tuning their surface topography at nanometer scale. Specific and functional adhesion of cells occurred only onto flat gold stripes, with a clear self-alignment of neurons, delivering a simple and elegant approach for the design and development of biomaterials with precise nanostructure-triggered biological responses.