Analysis of the 1998 outbreak of leptospirosis in Missouri in humans exposed to infected swine
Analysis of the 1998 outbreak of leptospirosis in Missouri in humans exposed to infected swine
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DOI：
10.2460/javma.2000.216.676
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发表时间：
2000-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ashford, DA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Campagnolo, ER;Warwick, MC;Ashford, DA
目的：确定1998年密苏里州猪钩端螺旋体病暴发期间接触感染猪的人群中钩端螺旋体病的流行程度，确认疾病来源，确定感染的危险因素，并确定预防其他感染的方法。Design-Cross-sectional研究。样本种群-240人和1700头猪。程序：对接触密苏里-哥伦比亚大学猪群感染猪的人进行了流行病学调查。调查包括对猪的健康状况进行审查，对处理猪的人员进行横断面研究，对人血清和猪血清进行血清学检测，以及对人群中钩端螺旋体病的风险因素进行分析。结果-调查时收集的样本的血清学检测表明，59%的猪对钩端螺旋体有滴度，表明接触过。在240名暴露的研究人群中，有163人（68%）接受了采访，其中110人（67%）提交了血液样本。经血清学检测确诊钩端螺旋体病9例（8%）。与钩端螺旋体病相关的危险因素包括吸烟（优势比[OR]， 14.4； 95%可信区间[Cl]，1.39至137.74）和在处理感染猪时饮用饮料（优势比，5.1；95%可信区间[Cl]， 1.04至24.30）。工作后洗手具有保护作用（OR, 0.2; 95% Cl, 0.03 ~ 0.81）。结论和临床意义：钩端螺旋体病是养猪生产者和屠宰场工人的一种风险，可以通过适当的卫生、环境卫生和畜牧业来预防。必须对从事动物或动物组织工作的人员进行教育，使其了解减少接触人畜共患病原体风险的措施。
Objective-To determine the extent of leptospirosis in persons exposed to infected swine, confirm the source of disease, define risk factors for infection, and identify means for preventing additional infections during an outbreak in Missouri in 1998.Design-Cross-sectional study.Sample Population-240 people and 1,700 pigs.Procedure-An epidemiologic investigation was conducted of people exposed to infected pigs from the University of Missouri-Columbia swine herd. The investigation included review of health of the pigs, a cross-sectional study of the people handling the pigs, serologic testing of human and porcine sera, and risk-factor analysis for leptospirosis within the human population.Results-Serologic testing of samples collected at the time of the investigation indicated that 59% of the pigs had titers to leptospires, denoting exposure. Of the 240 people in the exposed study population, 163 (68%) were interviewed, and of these, 110 (67%) submitted a blood sample. Nine (8%) cases of leptospirosis were confirmed by serologic testing. Risk factors associated with leptospirosis included smoking (odds ratio [OR], 14.4; 95% confidence interval [Cl],1.39 to 137.74) and drinking beverages (OR, 5.1; 95% Cl, 1.04 to 24.30) while working with infected pigs. Washing hands after work was protective (OR, 0.2; 95% Cl, 0.03 to 0.81).Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-Leptospirosis is a risk for swine producers and slaughterhouse workers, and may be prevented through appropriate hygiene, sanitation, and animal husbandry. It is essential to educate people working with animals or animal tissues about measures for reducing the risk of exposure to zoonotic pathogens.