Location, location, location: contextual and compositional health effects of social capital in British Columbia, Canada
Location, location, location: contextual and compositional health effects of social capital in British Columbia, Canada
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DOI：
10.1016/j.socscimed.2004.08.064
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
影响因子：
5.4
通讯作者：
Veenstra, G
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Veenstra, G
经过几十年的流行病学探索到个人层面的风险因素不健康，最近的兴趣激增的健康影响的社会模式属性的地理定义的“地方”的机构结构辩论的结构方面的人口健康研究新的突出地位。利用两个原始数据集，一个与加拿大不列颠哥伦比亚省的社区特征有关，另一个与居住在其中的个人特征有关，本文区分了社区的社会模式属性（包括社区的社会资本）对健康的影响，以及有助于社会资本的居民特征（例如，信任和参与自愿协会。多层次分析的结果表明，在三个不同的个人层面的健康和福祉的措施（包括长期限制性疾病和自测健康的措施），只有抑郁症状的措施有变异性，可以合理地归因于社区的水平。社区的社会资本以公共空间的可用性的形式解释了这种变化的一些原因，但方向与预期相反。总体而言，位置（居住社区）在这方面并没有说明健康不平等。在多变量和多层次模型中，健康的最强预测因素是个体调查受访者的特征，即收入、对政治家和政府的信任以及对社区其他成员的信任。在多变量模型中，参与自愿协会网络的广度与健康没有显着相关。(c)2004爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
After decades of epidemiological exploration into individual-level risk factors for ill health, a recent surge of interest in the health effects of socially patterned attributes of geographically defined 'places' has given the structural side of the agency-structure debate new prominence in population health research. Utilizing two original data sets, one pertaining to features of communities in British Columbia, Canada and the other to characteristics of individuals living in them, this article distinguishes the health effects of socially patterned attributes of communities, including the social capital of communities, from the health effects of characteristics of residents that contribute to social capital, e.g., trust and participation in voluntary associations. Results from multilevel analysis demonstrated that, of three different individual-level measures of health and well-being (and including measures of long-term limiting illness and self-rated health), only a measure of depressive symptoms had variability that could be reasonably attributed to the level of the community. The social capital of communities in the form of the availability of public spaces explained some of this variability, but in the direction contrary to expectations. Overall, location (community of residence) did little to explicate health inequalities in this context. The strongest predictors of health in multivariate and multilevel models were characteristics of individual survey respondents, namely, income, trust in politicians and governments, and trust in other members of the community. Breadth of participation in networks of voluntary association was not significantly related to health in multivariate models. (c) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.