Seed heteromorphism and the life cycle of plants: a literature review
Seed heteromorphism and the life cycle of plants: a literature review
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发表时间：
1997
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通讯作者：
B. Mandák
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作者：
B. Mandák
产生两种或多种种子类型的物种代表了不同类群中通常存在的不同策略由一个个体组合而成的群体。在这些群体中，种子功能存在分化的趋势。每种类型都专门针对其易受的环境变化的某些方面，同时受到其他种子类型的缓冲。这种行为有两种主要类型，即：异土孢子和两性鲤鱼，基于水硬铝石的形态、它们在植物上的空间分布、分散性和其他生态功能。结合特定生命周期阶段和生境条件对异双孢子和两性植物的生态学进行了综述。结论是，种子异态性代表了（a）面对栖息地环境适宜性的时间变化时的一种对冲形式，其中环境条件随季节和年年的变化非常频繁，没有单一的生态行为模式可以确保成功的生存。 (b) 逃避密度的负面影响或 (c) 同胞竞争，并且由于中间适应的适应性较低而发生。
The species which produce two or more seed types represent groups where divergent strategies usually existing in different taxa are combined by one individual. In such groups, the re is a tendency for seed functions to diverge. each type specializing on some aspect of environment al variation to which it is predisposed whil e being buffered by the other seed type . Two main types of this behaviour are distingui shed, i.e . heterodiaspory and amphi carpy, based on the morphology of diaspores, their spatial distribution on a plant, di spers ibility, and other ecological functions. Ecology of heterodiasporic and amphicarpic plants is reviewed in relation to parti cular life cycle stages and habitat conditions. It is concluded that seed heteromorphi sm represents (a) a form of bet-hedging in the face of temporal variation in environmental suitability in habitats where changes of environmental conditions from season to season and year to year are ve ry frequent and no single pattern of ecological behaviour can ensure successful survival . (b) escape from negative effects of density or (c) sib competition and occurs because intermediate adaptation have low fitn ess .