Effects of organic effluents from a salmon farm on a fjord system. II. Temporal and spatial patterns in infauna community composition
Effects of organic effluents from a salmon farm on a fjord system. II. Temporal and spatial patterns in infauna community composition
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DOI：
10.1016/j.aquaculture.2006.10.008
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发表时间：
2007-02
期刊：
影响因子：
4.5
通讯作者：
T. Kutti;P. K. Hansen;A. Ervik;Tore Høisæter;Per Johannessen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
T. Kutti;P. K. Hansen;A. Ervik;Tore Høisæter;Per Johannessen
这项研究研究了挪威西部Uggdalsfjorden的一个大型三文鱼养殖场(每个生产周期生产2.91亿吨)梯度上的非动物群群落组成的时空变化。该农场位于230米的水深，停泊在一个点上，随当时的海流和风向移动。研究表明，对底栖生物的大规模影响仅限于最近的养殖场250米。在为期两年的研究中，该区域以多毛类为主，包括多毛类、双壳类和棘皮类。该养殖场的丰度和生物量在高峰期最高，为30000只m−2和60 g无灰干重m−2。此时，丰度为10，生物量是距离养殖场250米范围内3公里范围内的35倍。物种丰富度最高的是养殖场550-900m，在生产高峰期，物种数量翻了一番，从每0.1m−2增加20种到40种。研究表明，在深水区，有机废物对底栖生物的影响在空间尺度上比浅水区大得多，尽管非动物群落组成随着时间的推移而变化，但在研究过程中物种丰富度、丰度和生物量之间空间格局的一致性表明，所观察到的格局在时间上是稳定的。农场周围沉积物中有机质含量低且稳定，表明农场的有机质负荷量没有超过底栖生物群落的分解能力。
This study examined spatial and temporal variations in infaunal community composition in a gradient away from a large salmon farm (producing 2910 tonnes during each production cycle) in Uggdalsfjorden, western Norway. The farm is located at a water depth of 230 m, is moored at a single point and moves with prevailing currents and winds. The study showed that the large-scale effects on the benthos were restricted to the nearest 250 m of the farm. This zone was dominated by the polychaetes Paramphinome jeffreysii, Prionospio steenstrupi, Capitella capitata and Heteromastus filiformis, the bivalves Thyasira sarsii and Abra nitida and the echinoderm Brissopsis lyrifera for the duration of the two-year study. Highest abundance and biomass were recorded at peak production at the farm, with 30000 individuals m−2and 60 g ash-free dry weight (AFDW) m−2. At this time abundance was 10 and biomass was 35 times higher within 250 m from the farm than 3 km away. Highest species richness was found 550–900 m from the farm, where, at peak production, the number of species doubled from 20 to 40 species per 0.1 m−2. The study showed that at deep sites organic waste affects benthos on a spatial scale much larger than at shallow water sites, and although the infauna community composition varied over time, the consistency in the spatial pattern in the relationship between species richness, abundance and biomass in the course of the study indicates that the observed patterns were temporally stable. The loadings of organic matter from the farm did not exceed the capacity of the benthic community for decomposition, as indicated by the low and stable content of organic matter in the sediment around the farm.