Electromyographic analysis of bow string release in highly skilled archers
Electromyographic analysis of bow string release in highly skilled archers
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DOI：
10.1080/02640419008732147
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发表时间：
1990-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Hoffman, Dean
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Martin, Philip E.;Siler, William L.;Hoffman, Dean
射箭教练的主要原则认为，释放弓弦的最有效方法是放松手指屈肌，而不激活手指伸肌。为了评估这一观点的有效性，我们使用表面肌电图电极对 15 名技术精湛的弓箭手进行了检查，每人进行 6 次射击，从而检查了拉臂的指浅屈肌和指伸肌的肌电图。每个弓箭手在每次射击时都表现出一致的肌电图模式，并且样本表现出两种不同的屈伸肌模式。第一个以八名弓箭手为特征，支持放松原则。对于这些弓箭手来说，在箭射出之前或射箭时，趾屈肌和伸肌的活动均显着下降。第二种模式是其余七名弓箭手的特点，与教练的宗旨相矛盾。虽然指屈肌模式与第一种模式所描述的基本相同，但指伸肌在释放之前显示出明显的活动增加，表明手指的主动伸展促进了弦的释放。结论是，高技能弓箭手并不主要反映与教练规范一致的释放，并且除弦释放机制之外的其他因素也歧视熟练弓箭手的表现。
A predominant archery coaching tenet holds that the most effective means of releasing the bow string is by relaxation of the finger flexor muscles without activation of finger extensors. To evaluate the validity of this view, EMG patterns of the flexor digitorum superficial and extensor digitorum muscles of the draw arm were examined using surface EMG electrodes in 15 highly skilled archers as each performed six shots. Each archer displayed consistent EMG patterns from shot-to-shot and two distinct flexor-extensor patterns were exhibited by the sample. The first, characterized by eight of the archers, supported the relaxation principle. For these archers, both flexor and extensor digitorum activity decreased markedly immediately prior to or at arrow release. The second pattern, characteristic of the remaining seven archers, contradicted the coaching tenet. While the flexor digitorum pattern was essentially the same as that described for the first pattern, the extensor digitorum displayed a marked increase in activity just prior to release, indicating that string release was facilitated by an active extension of the fingers. It was concluded that highly skilled archers do not predominantly reflect a release consistent with the coaching canon and that factors other than the string release mechanism discriminate the performances of skilled archers.