Nationwide surveillance identifies yellow fever and chikungunya viruses transmitted by various species of Aedes mosquitoes in Nigeria.
Nationwide surveillance identifies yellow fever and chikungunya viruses transmitted by various species of Aedes mosquitoes in Nigeria.
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全国范围内的监测发现尼日利亚各种伊蚊传播黄热病和基孔肯雅病毒。
DOI：
10.1101/2024.01.15.575625
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发表时间：
2024
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Nwao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nwangwu,UdokaC;Oguzie,JudithU;Nwachukwu,WilliamE;Onwude,CosmasO;Dogunro,FestusA;Diallo,Mawlouth;Ezihe,ChukwuebukaK;Agashi,NnekaO;Eloy,EmeldaI;Anokwu,StephenO;Anioke,ClementinaC;Ikechukwu,LindaC;Nwosu,ChukwuebukaM;Nwao
自2017年再次出现以来，黄热病（YF）在尼日利亚一直活跃。尼日利亚疾病控制中心在世界卫生组织（世卫组织）的支持下协调了对疫情的反应。国家虫媒病毒和病媒研究中心（NAVRC）负责处理这些反应的病媒部分。这项研究试图确定驱动YF传播的媒介和任何目标虫媒病毒及其在各州的分布。方法收集2017年至2020年期间在16个YF爆发州进行的观察、分析和横断面调查中的卵、幼虫和蛹以及成年蚊子。对成年蚊子（野外收集或从未成熟阶段饲养）进行形态学鉴定，并在非洲传染病基因组学卓越中心（ACEGID）使用RT-qPCR检测虫媒病毒。结果调查的16个州中有11个州采集到伊蚊，其中9个州的伊蚊感染了虫媒病毒。从全国不同地区共收集了7种伊蚊。埃及伊蚊是最主要的种类（51%），而非洲伊蚊是最少的（0.2%）。在127个蚊池中，有33个蚊池检出黄热病毒（YFV），检出率为26%。除YFV外，还在9个池中发现了基孔肯雅病毒（CHIKV）。除了爱在非洲伊蚊中，所有伊蚊物种对至少一种虫媒病毒检测呈阳性。在六（6）种伊蚊物种中发现YFV阳性池，而仅在两种伊蚊物种中记录到CHIKV阳性池。埃多州的阳性样本库最多（16个），而纳萨拉瓦州、伊莫州和阿南布拉州的阳性样本库最少（1个）。布雷托和房子指数高于正常的传输阈值，但在所有国家。结论在尼日利亚，伊蚊传播虫媒病毒的风险很大，目前YFV构成的威胁最大。由于在疫情暴发地区的病媒中检测到YFV和CHIKV，这一风险进一步增加。因此，该国迫切需要加强虫媒病毒的监测和控制活动。
Background Since its reemergence in 2017, yellow fever (YF) has been active in Nigeria. The Nigeria Centre for Disease Control (NCDC) has coordinated responses to the outbreaks with the support of the World Health Organization (WHO). The National Arbovirus and Vectors Research Centre (NAVRC) handles the vector component of these responses. This study sought to identify the vectors driving YF transmission and any of the targeted arboviruses and their distribution across states. Methods Eggs, larvae and pupae as well as adult mosquitoes were collected in observational, analytical, and cross-sectional surveys conducted in sixteen YF outbreak states between 2017 and 2020. Adult mosquitoes (field-collected or reared from immature stages) were morphologically identified, and arboviruses were detected using RT-qPCR at the African Centre of Excellence for Genomics of Infectious Diseases (ACEGID). Results Aedes mosquitoes were collected in eleven of the sixteen states surveyed and the mosquitoes in nine states were found infected with arboviruses. A total of seven Aedes species were collected from different parts of the country. Aedes aegypti was the most dominant (51%) species, whereas Aedes africanus was the least (0.2%). Yellow fever virus (YFV) was discovered in 33 (~26%) out of the 127 Aedes mosquito pools. In addition to YFV, the Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) was found in nine pools. Except for Ae. africanus, all the Aedes species tested positive for at least one arbovirus. YFV-positive pools were found in six (6) Aedes species while CHIKV-positive pools were only recorded in two Aedes species. Edo State had the most positive pools (16), while Nasarawa, Imo, and Anambra states had the least (1 positive pool). Breteau and house indices were higher than normal transmission thresholds in all but one state. Conclusion In Nigeria, there is a substantial risk of arbovirus transmission by Aedes mosquitoes, with YFV posing the largest threat at the moment. This risk is heightened by the fact that YFV and CHIKV have been detected in vectors across outbreak locations. Hence, there is an urgent need to step up arbovirus surveillance and control activities in the country.