Neuropeptides as signal molecules in common with leukocytes and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
Neuropeptides as signal molecules in common with leukocytes and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis.
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神经肽作为白细胞和下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴共有的信号分子。
DOI：
10.1016/j.bbi.2007.08.005
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发表时间：
2008
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Smith,EricM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smith,EricM
在神经系统和免疫系统之间存在双向调节回路。这种调节已被证明部分通过神经内分泌激素和细胞因子介导。两种系统都有两种类型信号分子的受体。神经系统有细胞因子受体，也能合成细胞因子。免疫系统合成并响应细胞因子。因此，认为神经内分泌肽类激素可以与白细胞结合并调节免疫功能并不牵强。然而，免疫系统也合成功能性神经肽激素并不广为人知。本文将引用大量证据对此进行讨论。本文以促肾上腺皮质激素（ACTH）、内啡肽（END）和促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子（CRF）这三种由白细胞合成并调节免疫功能的神经肽为例，总结这一证据。将解释这三种神经肽在免疫系统中的产生和作用。最后，潜在的生理作用，白细胞衍生的促肾上腺皮质激素，END和CRF在炎症作为一个本地化的下丘脑-垂体样轴进行了讨论。
There exists a bidirectional regulatory circuit between the nervous and immune systems. This regulation has been shown to be mediated in part through neuroendocrine hormones and cytokines. Both systems have receptors for both types of signal molecules. The nervous system has receptors for cytokines and it also synthesizes cytokines. The immune system synthesizes and responds to cytokines. So, it is not too farfetched to believe that neuroendocrine peptide hormones could bind to leukocytes and modulate immune functions. However, it is not widely known that the immune system also synthesizes functional, neuropeptide hormones. This will be discussed in this paper citing a plethora of evidence. The aim of this paper is to summarize this evidence by using three neuropeptides that are synthesized by leukocytes and modulate immune functions as examples; corticotropin (ACTH), endorphin (END), and corticotropin releasing factor (CRF). The production and action of these three neuropeptides in the immune system will be explained. Finally, the potential physiological role of leukocyte-derived ACTH, END, and CRF in inflammation as a localized hypothalamic–pituitary-like axis is discussed.