Resistance Heating in the Arc Cathode Spot Zone
Resistance Heating in the Arc Cathode Spot Zone
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DOI：
10.1063/1.1736153
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发表时间：
1961-06
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
J. A. Rich
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. A. Rich
为了理解电弧阴极斑点机制，必须确定阴极内焦耳加热和电弧放电能量输入的相对重要性。用公式表示并求解了均匀电流密度源作用于半无限固体导电材料表面上的圆形区域的问题，结果如下：（1）阴极斑点正下方的半球形体积中产生的焦耳热占电极中产生的总焦耳热的38%。这种加热的集中导致阴极斑点区域中的高平均功率密度，在汞的情况下，对于106和107安培/厘米2的电流密度，该平均功率密度分别为5×107 W/厘米3和5×109 W/厘米3。(2)由于焦耳加热而输入阴极斑点区的能量与由于正离子轰击而输入阴极斑点区的能量的比较表明，对于106安培/厘米~ 2量级的电流密度，前者约为后者的10-20%。
For an understanding of the arc cathode spot mechanism, it is essential to determine the relative importance of Joule heating within the cathode and the energy input from the arc discharge. The problem of a source of uniform current density acting over a circular area on the surface of a semi‐infinite solid of conducting material is formulated and solved with the following results: (1) The Joule heat developed in the hemispherical volume directly under the cathode spot amounts to 38% of the total Joule heat developed in the electrode. This concentration of the heating leads to high average power densities in the cathode spot zone which amount, in the case of mercury, to 5×107 w/cm3 and 5×109 w/cm3 for current densities of 106 and 107 amp/cm2, respectively. (2) A comparison of the energy input to the cathode spot zone due to Joule heating and the energy input due to positive ion bombardment shows that for current densities of the order of 106 amp/cm2, the former amounts to some 10–20% of the latter for suc...