Survival of Desulfotomaculum spores from estuarine sediments after serial autoclaving and high-temperature exposure.
Survival of Desulfotomaculum spores from estuarine sediments after serial autoclaving and high-temperature exposure.
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DOI：
10.1038/ismej.2014.190
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发表时间：
2015-03-17
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Parkes RJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
O'Sullivan LA;Roussel EG;Weightman AJ;Webster G;Hubert CR;Bell E;Head I;Sass H;Parkes RJ
细菌孢子广泛存在于海洋沉积物中，包括那些嗜热的硫酸盐还原细菌，它们的最低生长温度很高，因此不太可能在原地生长。这些结球藻(Desulfotomaculum spp.)被认为来自炎热的环境，并通过洋流分布。它们的细胞和孢子存活的上限温度尚不清楚，也不清楚它们是否能在热液系统中可能发生的反复高温暴露中存活下来。这是通过培养显著高于(40-80 °C)最高原位温度(∼23 °C)的河口沉积物，以及之前的三重高压灭菌和不三重高压灭菌来研究的。硫酸盐还原发生在40-60 °C，60 °C不受高压灭菌的影响。Desulfotomaculum sp.分离到的C1A60与库兹涅佐夫氏菌最近的亲缘关系(∼96%的16SRRNA基因序列同源性)。硫化细菌的培养。C1A60、库兹涅索维氏菌和地热菌B2T在三次高压灭菌过程中存活下来，而其他与之相关的脱硫菌则存活下来。没有，尽管它们确实在巴氏杀菌中幸存下来。Desulfotomaculum sp.C1A60和D.kuznetsovii培养物也能在更极端的高压灭菌(C1A60,130 °C 15 分钟；D.kuznetsovii，135 °C 15 分钟，最高可达154 °C)和油浴高温条件下存活(C1A60,130°C 30 分钟，D.kuznetsovii140 °C 15 分钟)。Desulfotomaculum sp.具有孢子或以营养细胞为主的C1A60表明，三次高压灭菌的存活是由于孢子。与营养细胞相比，孢子也具有很高的可培养能力(∼高30倍)。结合极端高温存活和高可培养能力的一些嗜热的脱硫菌。这使它们成为炎热环境中非常有效的殖民者，这与它们在地下地热水和石油储藏中的存在是一致的。
Bacterial spores are widespread in marine sediments, including those of thermophilic, sulphate-reducing bacteria, which have a high minimum growth temperature making it unlikely that they grow in situ. These Desulfotomaculum spp. are thought to be from hot environments and are distributed by ocean currents. Their cells and spores upper temperature limit for survival is unknown, as is whether they can survive repeated high-temperature exposure that might occur in hydrothermal systems. This was investigated by incubating estuarine sediments significantly above (40–80 °C) maximum in situ temperatures (∼23 °C), and with and without prior triple autoclaving. Sulphate reduction occurred at 40–60 °C and at 60 °C was unaffected by autoclaving. Desulfotomaculum sp. C1A60 was isolated and was most closely related to the thermophilic D. kuznetsoviiT (∼96% 16S rRNA gene sequence identity). Cultures of Desulfotomaculum sp. C1A60, D. kuznetsoviiTand D. geothermicum B2T survived triple autoclaving while other related Desulfotomaculum spp. did not, although they did survive pasteurisation. Desulfotomaculum sp. C1A60 and D. kuznetsovii cultures also survived more extreme autoclaving (C1A60, 130 °C for 15 min; D. kuznetsovii, 135 °C for 15 min, maximum of 154 °C reached) and high-temperature conditions in an oil bath (C1A60, 130° for 30 min, D. kuznetsovii 140 °C for 15 min). Desulfotomaculum sp. C1A60 with either spores or predominantly vegetative cells demonstrated that surviving triple autoclaving was due to spores. Spores also had very high culturability compared with vegetative cells (∼30 × higher). Combined extreme temperature survival and high culturability of some thermophilic Desulfotomaculum spp. make them very effective colonisers of hot environments, which is consistent with their presence in subsurface geothermal waters and petroleum reservoirs.