Radio detection of ultra high energy neutrinos
Radio detection of ultra high energy neutrinos
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nima.2010.03.020
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发表时间：
2010-11
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
G. Varner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
G. Varner
最近观测到的宇宙射线谱中的Greisen-Zatsepin-Kuzmin（GZK）截止点的证据对我们理解高能天体粒子物理学有许多深刻的影响。这个GZK过程本身产生的中微子被强烈认为与100 EeV以上的高能宇宙射线粒子在光谱和空间上都相关。在20世纪60年代，Askaryan预测，这种高能中微子相互作用产生的电磁簇射的空间紧凑性将导致相干切伦科夫辐射。2006年6月，这些阿斯卡里亚效应预测在SLAC的7吨冰目标中模拟EeV阵雨得到了验证。许多当前和未来的实验正在积极利用这种无线电探测方法来寻找“有保证的”高能中微子GZK通量。虽然探测器的灵敏度刚刚接近预测的范围，但还没有观测到。ANITA实验是一个在37公里高空运行的长时间气球，在2006年12月至2007年1月飞行了一个多月，并在2008年12月至2009年1月再次飞行。从长远来看，一个大规模的地面无线电阵列打开了探测深非弹性中微子核子散射的可能性，在质量中心的能量远远高于任何拟议的未来对撞机。对原型仪器站进行了评价。实现这些实验的关键是开发具有足够射频性能的负担得起的仪器。
Recent evidence for observation of the Greisen–Zatsepin–Kuzmin (GZK) cutoff in the cosmic ray spectrum has a number of profound implications for our understanding of high energy astroparticle physics. This GZK process itself produces neutrinos that are strongly believed to be both spectrally and spatially correlated to high energy cosmic ray particles above 100EeV. In the 1960's Askaryan predicted that spatially compact nature of electromagnetic showers produced from the interaction of such high energy neutrinos would lead to coherent Cherenkov radiation. In June 2006 these Askaryan effect predictions were verified for emulated EeV showers in a 7ton ice target at SLAC. A number of current and future experiments are now actively exploiting this radio detection method to search for the “guaranteed” GZK flux of high energy neutrinos. None have yet been observed, though the sensitivity of the detectors is just now approaching the predicted range. The ANtarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA) experiment, a long-duration balloon operating at an altitude of 37km, flew for over a month during December 2006–January 2007, and again December 2008–January 2009. In the longer term, a large-scale terrestrial radio array opens the possibility to probe deep inelastic neutrino-nucleon scattering at center of mass energies well above those of any proposed future collider. Prototype instrumentation stations have been evaluated. Essential to the realization of these experiments has been the development of affordable instrumentation with adequate radio frequency performance.