Trajectories of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering Students by Race and Gender
Trajectories of Electrical Engineering and Computer Engineering Students by Race and Gender
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按种族和性别划分的电气工程和计算机工程学生的轨迹
DOI：
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发表时间：
2011
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
M. Ohland
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
S. Lord;R. Layton;M. Ohland
电气工程（EE）是最大的工程学科之一。计算机工程（CpE）有类似的课程设置，但人口结构和学生成绩不同。本文使用来自美国大学的数据集，其中包括7万多名主修工程的学生，描述了学生入学和迁移到EE和CpE的结果，以便为教师、系主任和院长的决策提供信息。尽管男性在情感表达和持续教育方面的人数一直超过女性，但入学率和6年毕业率因种族和性别而异。EE是亚洲和黑人学生（男性和女性）在入学时最受欢迎的选择，但是当亚洲人毕业率很高时，黑人（尤其是男性）却没有被保留下来。尽管课程相似，但情感表达的保留率高于CpE。所有种族的女性在CpE和西班牙裔女性在EE的毕业率低于预期。到第三学期，所有种族和性别的一些学生都离开了他们的预科专业，但也有一些人从其他专业转到这里，弥补了部分损失。CpE学生比EE学生更有可能转到另一个专业。情感表达和持续教育学生的发展轨迹是种族化的、不同的。与EE相比，CpE失去的学生更多，吸引的学生更少。这些发现将说明按工程专业、种族和性别分类对提高招聘和总体保留的重要性。
Electrical engineering (EE) is one of the largest engineering disciplines. Computer engineering (CpE) has a similar curriculum, but different demographics and student outcomes. Using a dataset from universities in the U.S. that includes over 70 000 students who majored in engineering, this paper describes the out comes for students matriculating in and migrating into EE and CpE so as to inform the decision making of faculty, department heads, and deans. Although men consistently outnumber women in EE and CpE, the rates of matriculation and six-year graduation vary by race and gender. EE is the most popular choice for Asian and Black students (males and females) at matriculation, but while Asians graduate at high rates, Blacks (particularly males) are not retained. Retention is higher in EE than in CpE despite the similarity of the curricula. Graduation rates are lower than expected for women of all races in CpE and for Hispanic women in EE. By the third semester, some students of all races and genders have left their matriculation major, but others have migrated in from other majors, compensating for some of this loss. CpE students are more likely than EE students to switch to another major. Trajectories of EE and CpE students are racialized and distinct. CpE loses more students and attracts fewer students than EE. These findings il lustrate the importance of disaggregating by engineering major as well as race and gender to improve recruitment and retention overall.