Sparking development or consuming the countryside? Lao charcoal commodity networks in the Mekong Region.
Sparking development or consuming the countryside? Lao charcoal commodity networks in the Mekong Region.
复制标题
激发发展还是消耗乡村？
DOI：
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发表时间：
2016
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
K. Barney
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Barney
老挝南部地区一体化程度提高的一个意想不到的结果是家庭生产和路边木炭销售的繁荣。本文开发了一个民族志知情木炭作为一个社会嵌入式市场的分析，提供了深入的社会政治关系的访问，法律的和额外的法律的法规，以及分配的租金，使这一贸易。相反的一些假设木炭作为一种必然剥削商品，本文指出了一些有利的收入平滑的机会，木炭提出了许多老挝农村家庭，并详细说明了复杂的方式，木炭生产可以涉及到森林的可持续性和退化。本文阐述了创业老挝木炭社区的角度，积极利用当地现有的自然资源，直接现金收入。木炭生产网络还将老挝的日常家庭生计与大规模的采掘业联系起来，而这在以前可能被低估了。与此同时，木炭贸易突出表明，在更广泛的政治经济背景下，小农机构和地方参与商品化市场关系的概念受到结构性限制，而这种背景显然是由不平衡发展和通过剥夺积累形成的。
One of the unexpected outcomes of increased regional integration in southern Laos has been a boom in household production and roadside sale of wood charcoal. This paper develops an ethnographically informed analysis of charcoal as a socially embedded market, providing insights into the sociopolitical relations of access, legal and extra-legal regulations, and the distribution of rents that characterise this trade. Contrary to some assumptions about charcoal as a necessarily exploitative commodity, this paper points to some of the advantageous income smoothing opportunities that charcoal presents for many rural Lao households and detail the complex ways in which charcoal production can relate to forest sustainability and degradation. The paper elaborates a perspective of entrepreneurial Lao charcoal communities, energetically utilising locally available natural resources, for direct cash income. Charcoal production networks also connect everyday household livelihoods in Laos to large-scale extractive industry, in ways that have been arguably underemphasised previously. At the same time, the charcoal trade highlights the structural limits to notions of smallholder agency and local participation in commodified market relations, within broader political-economic contexts decidedly shaped through uneven development, and accumulation through dispossession.