Telomeres and telomerase in human leukemias.
Telomeres and telomerase in human leukemias.
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发表时间：
1996-08
期刊：
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Jerry W. Shay;Harold Werbin;W. Wright
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Jerry W. Shay;Harold Werbin;W. Wright
越来越多的证据支持这一假设，即体外和体内端粒缩短是计算细胞分裂并决定细胞衰老开始的时钟。克服正常衰老机制的细胞通过稳定端粒长度来实现这一点，这可能是由于端粒酶（一种合成端粒重复序列的核糖核蛋白酶）的活性所致。大多数人类原发性肿瘤含有端粒酶，而大多数正常组织的细胞缺乏这种活性。一个备受关注的假说是端粒酶的激活对于大多数实体瘤的持续生长是必要的。由于正常造血干细胞及其一些后代已经表达端粒酶活性，因此重要的是要考虑端粒缩短和端粒酶活性是否在各种形式白血病的癌症进展中发挥作用。本综述讨论了端粒长度和/或端粒酶活性测量在白血病诊断和预后中的实用性，以及抗端粒酶治疗对白血病的潜在价值。
There is increasing evidence supporting the hypothesis that telomere shortening both in vitro and in vivo, is the clock that counts cell divisions and determines the onset of cellular senescence. Cells that overcome the normal senescence mechanisms do so by stabilizing telomere length, probably due to the activity of telomerase, a ribonucleoprotein enzyme that synthesizes telomeric repeats. Most human primary tumors contain telomerase, while the cells of most normal tissues lack this activity. A hypothesis gaining prominence is that the activation of telomerase is necessary for the sustained growth of most solid tumors. Since normal hematopoietic stem cells and some of their progeny already express telomerase activity, it is important to consider whether or not telomere shortening and telomerase activity play any role in cancer progression in various forms of leukemia. This review includes a discussion of the utility of telomere length and/or telomerase activity measurements in the diagnosis and prognosis of leukemia as well as the potential value of antitelomerase therapy for the leukemias.