Periconceptional maternal diet quality influences blood heavy metal concentrations and their effect on low birth weight: the Japan Environment and Children's Study.
Periconceptional maternal diet quality influences blood heavy metal concentrations and their effect on low birth weight: the Japan Environment and Children's Study.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envint.2023.107808
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发表时间：
2023-02
影响因子：
11.8
通讯作者：
H. Okubo;S. Nakayama
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
H. Okubo;S. Nakayama
背景母亲营养不良和有毒重金属暴露都会影响胎儿的生长发育。然而，食用各种健康食品是否改变了产前重金属暴露与胎儿生长之间的关系尚不清楚。目的我们研究了围产期长期母亲的饮食质量是否改变了母亲循环中重金属浓度与胎儿生长之间的关系。设计数据摘自日本环境与儿童研究组织，对72,317名分娩单胎婴儿的日本妇女进行了调查。使用有效的食物频率问卷评估怀孕前一年的母亲饮食，并使用基于日本食物指南SPING TOP的平衡饮食评分来确定总体饮食质量。在妊娠中、晚期测定孕妇全血汞(Hg)、铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)的浓度。采用多元线性回归分析中的贝叶斯推断，评价母亲膳食质量与血中重金属浓度的关系；采用贝叶斯Logistic回归分析低出生体重(LBW；<；2500 g)的风险。结果在控制混杂因素后，母亲均衡饮食得分高与低血铅、低Cd、高汞有关。虽然评估的所有重金属与LBW风险呈正相关，但母亲均衡饮食得分较高与LBW风险呈负相关。高质量的母亲饮食可以减弱铅对LBW的影响，这种影响在血铅浓度较高的情况下更为明显。结论在日本母子对中，优质、平衡的怀孕前饮食可能会减少某些重金属的暴露，并降低与产前铅暴露相关的LBW的风险。
BackgroundBoth poor maternal nutrition and toxic heavy metal exposure influence foetal growth and development. However, whether consumption of a variety of healthy foods modifies the association between prenatal heavy metal exposure and foetal growth is unknown.ObjectiveWe examined whether long-term maternal diet quality in periconception modifies the associations between maternal circulating concentrations of heavy metals and foetal growth.DesignData of 72,317 Japanese women who delivered singleton infants was extracted from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study. Maternal diet over a 1-year before the first trimester of pregnancy was assessed using a validated food frequency questionnaire, and overall diet quality was determined using the balanced diet score based on the Japanese Food Guide Spinning Top. Maternal whole-blood concentrations of mercury (Hg), lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) were measured during the second/third trimester of pregnancy. Bayesian inference of multiple linear regression analysis was performed to evaluate the relationships between maternal diet quality and the blood concentrations of heavy metals; Bayesian logistic regression was used to analyse the risk of low birth weight (LBW; <2,500 g).ResultsAfter controlling for confounders, a high maternal balanced diet score was associated with low concentrations of blood Pb and Cd and high Hg. While all heavy metals assessed were positively associated with LBW risk, a higher maternal balanced diet score was negatively associated with LBW risk. A high-quality maternal diet attenuated the effect of Pb on LBW, an effect that was more marked at high blood Pb concentrations.ConclusionA high-quality, ‘well-balanced’ diet prior to conception may reduce exposure to some heavy metals and mitigate the elevated risk of LBW associated with prenatal Pb exposure in Japanese mother–child pairs.