Development of postural control during single-leg standing in children aged 3-10 years
Development of postural control during single-leg standing in children aged 3-10 years
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DOI：
10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.11.024
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Asaka, Tadayoshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mani, Hiroki;Miyagishima, Saori;Asaka, Tadayoshi
背景：单腿站立(SLS)时控制重心(COM)的能力对于个人独立行走是必不可少的。然而，儿童在SLS中进行姿势控制的详细生物力学特征仍有待全面调查。研究问题：本研究旨在探讨3-10岁儿童在SLS过程中姿势控制的发展。方法：48名3-10岁健康儿童(男26名，女22名)和11名青壮年儿童参加了本次实验。儿童人口按年龄分为4个年龄组：3-4岁、5-6岁、7-8岁和9-10岁。SLS任务包括单腿站立尽可能长时间和尽可能稳定地站立多达30名S。使用三维运动捕捉系统和两个测力板来计算COM和压力中心(COP)。结果：5~6岁组和7~8岁组COP-COM距离在加速期显著高于成年组。此外，在减速阶段，所有儿童组的COP-COM距离都显著高于成年组。最后，3-4岁组的稳定期COP-COM距离显著高于9-10岁组和成人组。意义：这些结果表明，加速期和稳定期的姿势控制成熟了9岁。相反，在减速阶段，10岁左右的儿童没有达到成人一样的姿势控制水平。每个阶段的姿势控制的发展过程可能在运动的基本生物力学中起着重要作用，而不是呈现单调的模式。
Background: The ability to control the center of mass (COM) during single-leg standing (SLS) is imperative for individuals to walk independently. However, detailed biomechanical features of postural control during SLS performed by children remain to be comprehensively investigated. Research question: We aimed to investigate the development of postural control during SLS in children aged 3-10 years.Methods: Forty-eight healthy children (26 boys and 22 girls) aged 3-10 years and 11 young adults participated in this experiment. The child population was divided into four groups by age: 3-4, 5-6, 7-8, and 9-10 years. The SLS task included standing on a single leg as long and as steady as possible for up to 30 s. A three-dimensional motion capture system and two force plates were used for calculating the COM and center of pressure (COP). The task was divided into three phases (accelerated, decelerated, and steady) on the basis of the relationship between COM and COP.Results: COP-COM distances in the 5-6 years' and 7-8 years' groups were significantly increased during the acceleration phase when compared with those in the adult group. Furthermore, COP-COM distances during the decelerated phase were significantly higher in all children's groups compared with those in the adult group. Lastly, COP-COM distance during the steady phase was significantly higher in the 3-4 year age group than in the 9-10 year age and adults groups.Significance: These results suggest that postural control during the acceleration and steady phases mature by 9 years. Conversely, children similar to 10 years did not attain adult-like levels of postural control during the decelerated phase. The developmental process for postural control at each phase possibly plays a significant role in the basic biomechanics of movement and does not display a monotonic pattern.