West Nile virus activity in Latin America and the Caribbean
West Nile virus activity in Latin America and the Caribbean
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DOI：
10.1590/s1020-49892006000200006
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发表时间：
2006-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Clark, Gary G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Komar, Nicholas;Clark, Gary G.
目标。西尼罗河病毒（黄病毒：黄病毒科；WNV）自 2001 年首次在加勒比盆地发现以来，已在整个加勒比海盆地迅速传播。本报告总结了我们目前对西尼罗河病毒在热带美洲传播的了解。方法。我们回顾了已发表的文献并咨询了主要公共卫生官员以获得未发表的数据。结果。西尼罗河病毒感染于 2001 年首次出现在开曼群岛和佛罗里达群岛的人类居民中，并于 2002 年初在看似健康的牙买加鸟类中出现。2002 年，在瓜德罗普岛、多米尼加共和国和墨西哥东部的马、鸡和散养鸟类中检测到了西尼罗河病毒感染的血清学证据。 2003年，西尼罗河病毒在墨西哥和中美洲北部传播，并在巴哈马、波多黎各和古巴发现了血清学证据。 2004年，南美生态系统中西尼罗河病毒活动的第一个血清学证据于9月至10月在哥伦比亚和特立尼达岛出现，那里的家畜传播了西尼罗河病毒中和抗体。结论。拉丁美洲和加勒比地区有关马、人类和禽类疾病的报道很少，令人费解。需要分离株来评估病毒减毒或减轻热带生态系统疾病负担的其他可能解释。
Objectives. West Nile virus (Flavivirus: Flaviviridae; WNV) has spread rapidly throughout the Caribbean Basin since its initial detection there in 2001. This report summarizes our current knowledge of WNV transmission in tropical America.Methods. We reviewed the published literature and consulted with key public health officials to obtain unpublished data.Results. West Nile virus infections first appeared in human residents of the Cayman Islands and the Florida Keys in 2001, and in apparently healthy Jamaican birds sampled early in 2002. Serologic evidence of WNV infection in 2002 was detected in horses, chickens and resident free-ranging birds in Guadeloupe, the Dominican Republic, and eastern Mexico. In 2003, WNV spread in Mexico and northern Central America, and serologic evidence was detected in the Bahamas, Puerto Rico and Cuba. In 2004, the first serologic evidence of WNV activity in South American ecosystems surfaced in September-October in Colombia and Trinidad, where domestic animals circulated WNV-neutralizing antibodies.Conclusions. The sparse reports of equine, human and avian disease in Latin America and the Caribbean is puzzling. Isolates are needed to evaluate viral attenuation or other possible explanations for reduced disease burden in tropical ecosystems.