The face in the crowd revisited:: A threat advantage with schematic stimuli
The face in the crowd revisited:: A threat advantage with schematic stimuli
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DOI：
10.1037//0022-3514.80.3.381
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发表时间：
2001-03-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Esteves, F
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Öhman, A;Lundqvist, D;Esteves, F
示意性威胁，友好和中立的面孔被用来测试假设，人类优先定向他们的注意力向威胁。使用视觉搜索范式，参与者在矩阵中搜索差异的面孔，否则相同的面孔。在5个实验中，结果一致显示，比友好目标更快，更准确地检测威胁。无论条件是支持并行搜索还是串行搜索，威胁优势都是明显的（即，涉及中性或情绪干扰），它是有效的倒置的脸。威胁愤怒的面孔比其他消极的面孔（悲伤或“阴谋”）更快，更准确地检测到，这表明威胁优势可以归因于威胁，而不是负效价或目标显示的独特性。
Schematic threatening, friendly, and neutral faces were used to test the hypothesis that humans preferentially orient their attention toward threat. Using a visual search paradigm, participants searched for discrepant faces in matrices of otherwise identical faces. Across 5 experiments, results consistently showed faster and more accurate detection of threatening than friendly targets. The threat advantage was obvious regardless of whether the conditions favored parallel or serial search (i.e., involved neutral or emotional distractors), and it was valid for inverted faces. Threatening angry faces were more quickly and accurately detected than were other negative faces (sad or "scheming"), which suggests that the threat advantage can be attributed to threat rather than to the negative valence or the uniqueness of the target display.