SARS-CoV-2 and the reproductive system: known and the unknown..!!
SARS-CoV-2 and the reproductive system: known and the unknown..!!
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DOI：
10.1186/s43043-020-00046-z
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Saha SC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Sharma I;Kumari P;Sharma A;Saha SC
COVID-19是最近爆发的冠状病毒人畜共患疫情。大多数情况下，它通过与受体血管紧张素转换酶2 （ACE2）结合侵入呼吸系统细胞，这种受体也存在于其他器官，如肾脏、睾丸、卵巢、乳房、心脏和肠道，使它们容易受到感染。生殖潜力对于任何物种的生存都是必不可少的，我们的首要责任是保护这一代的生殖系统免受这种致命病毒的侵害。此前报道的冠状病毒，如严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV），对生殖器官有不利影响。这种新型病毒对生殖系统的有害影响缺乏足够的研究来提供实质性的证据。因此，我们的综述汇集了迄今为止可用的知识，以促进这方面的研究，并及时采取必要的措施。在这里，我们试图收集有关SARS-CoV-2对生殖系统的影响以及病毒垂直传播的所有可用数据。对2020年2月至8月发表的所有相关文章进行了全面审查和分析。研究发现，SARS-CoV-2会影响精子的浓度和活力，从而降低男性的生育能力。在女性中，怀疑这种病毒影响卵母细胞质量和卵巢功能，导致不孕或流产。在受感染母亲的母乳和受感染男性的精液中也发现了SARS-CoV-2病毒的痕迹。在一些病例中也报告了SARS-CoV-2的垂直传播。根据文献综述，SARS-CoV-2似乎具有影响男性和女性生殖道的潜力。本次审查汇集了本次大流行期间在生殖健康领域取得的调查结果和观察结果。年轻人的生殖系统注定会出现随后的疾病、不孕症、精子数量减少和运动能力下降。因此，研究和医疗实践应重点关注SARS-CoV-2对配子和后代可能造成的脆弱性。在此，我们建议优先密切监测年轻和孕妇的生殖健康状况。
COVID-19 is the most recent zoonotic outbreak of coronaviruses. Mostly, it invades the cells of the respiratory system by binding to the receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) which is also present in other organs like the kidney, testis, ovaries, breast, heart, and intestine, rendering them prone to be infected. The reproductive potential is a must for the sustenance of any species and it is our prime duty to safeguard the reproductive system of the present generation from such a deadly virus. The previously reported coronaviruses like severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) had a detrimental impact on reproductive organs. There is a dearth of sufficient research to provide substantial evidence for the harmful effects of this novel virus on the reproductive system. Hence, our review compiles the knowledge available until now to boost research in this regard and to take the necessary steps in time. Here we tried to compile all the data available on the effect of SARS-CoV-2 on the reproductive system as well as vertical transmission of the virus. All related articles published from February to August 2020 were reviewed and thoroughly analyzed. SARS-CoV-2 has been found to affect the sperm concentration and motility, thus degrading the fertility of males. In females, it is suspected that this virus affects the oocyte quality and ovarian function, resulting in infertility or miscarriage. Traces of SARS-CoV-2 virus have also been found in the breast milk of the infected mothers and the semen of infected males. Vertical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 has also been reported in some cases. Based on the literature review, SARS-CoV-2 seems to have the potential of affecting both male and female reproductive tracts. This review brings together the findings and observations made in the area of reproductive health during the current pandemic. The reproductive system of the young population is preordained for subsequent disorders, infertility, reduced sperm count, and motility. Therefore, the research and medical practices should focus on possible vulnerability being posed by SARS-CoV-2 to the gametes and future generations. We, hereby, recommend close monitoring of young and pregnant COVID-19 patients concerning reproductive health with utmost priority.