Development of balloonborne hard x-ray telescopes using a multilayer supermirror
Development of balloonborne hard x-ray telescopes using a multilayer supermirror
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使用多层超级镜开发气球载硬X射线望远镜
DOI：
10.1117/12.278858
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发表时间：
1997
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kai
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Tamura;K. Yamashita;H. Kunieda;Y. Tawara;A. Furuzawa;K. Haga;G. Lodha;N. Nakajo;N. Nakamura;T. Okajima;O. Tsuda;P. Serlemitsos;J. Tueller;R. Petre;Y. Ogasaka;Y. Soong;Kai
我们提出了新的成果，在高通量硬x射线望远镜的发展与多层超反射镜涂层。制作超反射镜的基本技术首先是在等间距多层膜的淀积中发展起来的。浮法玻璃上多层膜反射镜的反射率较高，但受基片表面粗糙度的限制，而复制箔上多层膜的反射率相差不大。将掩模放置在样品的正前方，使样品的厚度不均匀性降低到2%以下。为了最大化有效面积和视场，我们优化了超镜参数; d间距、层对数量以及重轻元件的厚度比。采用分块法设计了超反射镜，在25 - 40 keV波段获得了约30%的高反射率。溅射在玻璃样品上的测试超反射镜表现出约20 - 30%的合理反射率。我们设计了一个直径45 cm，两级镜长20 cm，焦距8 m的望远镜系统。四个这样的望远镜的有效面积是320平方厘米的x射线之间的25和40千电子伏。我们计划将这种类型的望远镜应用于名为InFOC（mu）S的气球实验，以揭示星系团或超新星遗迹的硬X射线图像。
We present new results in the development of high throughput hard x-ray telescopes with multilayer supermirror coatings. Basic techniques to make the supermirror are at first developed in deposition of constant d spacing multilayers. The reflector of multilayer on the float glass achieves high reflectivity, limited by the surface roughness of substrate, while, we need more improvement in getting comparable reflectivity of multilayers on the replica foil. We put the mask just in front of sample, it reduced the nonuniformity of the thickness less than 2%. In order to maximize the effective area and field of view, we have optimized the supermirror parameters; d spacing, number of layer pairs, and thickness ratio of heavy and light element. Multiblock method is introduced to design the supermirror, and it gives high reflectivity of approximately 30% in the 25 - 40 keV band. A test supermirror sputtered on a glass sample exhibits reasonable reflectivities of about 20 - 30%. We designed a telescope system with 45 cm diameter, 20 cm mirror length in two stage, and focal length of 8 m. The effective area of four such telescopes is 320 cm2 for the x rays between 25 and 40 keV. We plan the application of this type of telescope to the balloon experiment named InFOC(mu) S to reveal hard x-ray images of clusters of galaxies or supernova remnants.