Metropolitan Integrated Cooling and Heating
Metropolitan Integrated Cooling and Heating
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城市冷热一体化
DOI：
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发表时间：
2017
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
G. Maidment
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
G. Davies;N. Boot;J. Grice;W. Dennis;R. Rami;A. Nicholls;G. Maidment
对伦敦地铁隧道冷却废热作为区域供热系统热源的回收和再利用潜力进行了研究。伦敦的地下系统需要冷却，以保持未来的地下环境在安全的温度水平。目前在整个网络中应用的冷却方法包括在通风井中使用冷却盘管，空气处理单元（阿胡斯）和隧道中的冷却管道，尽管后一种方法仅在理论基础上应用。这些系统使用冷冻水通过热交换器冷却隧道中的空气。冷冻水通常使用冷冻机产生，热量被排放到大气中。区域供热网络目前仅占英国总热量的2%左右。然而，目前在伦敦有许多地方政府管理的区域供热计划。一般来说，供热是由热电联产（CHP）发电厂提供的，但计划扩大这些方案，并在未来利用二次余热源。本项目由Innovate UK资助，旨在研究伦敦地铁隧道冷却与区域供热网络传热相结合的潜在效益。计划使用水对水热泵将热量转移到区域供热网络，而不是使用空气冷却冷水机组来冷却水，从而为地下隧道中的空气提供冷却。这将大大减少相应网络的冷却和加热所需的总能量输入。据估计，至少有15兆瓦的废热可从冷却伦敦的地下系统。为了评估所提出的方法的好处，将开发一个能源、碳和整个寿命成本计算器模型，以估计一系列配置和操作条件下的能源、碳和成本节约。还将进行季节间分析，以确定一年中福利的变化情况。详细的模型和结果的初步计算的潜在利益的基础上的案例研究，并提出了配置的计划热回收系统。当前项目的结果将用于为中试规模试验的设计提供信息。这种热回收方法可以扩展到其他二次废热源。
The potential for recovery and reuse of waste heat from cooling London’s underground train tunnels as a heat source for district heating systems has been investigated. Cooling of London’s underground system is needed to maintain the future underground environment at safe temperature levels. Cooling methods currently being applied across the network include the use of cooling coils in ventilation shafts, air handling units (AHUs) and cooling pipes in tunnels, although the latter method has only been applied on a theoretical basis. These systems use chilled water to cool the air in the tunnels by means of heat exchangers. The chilled water is normally generated using chillers and heat is rejected to atmosphere. District heating networks currently account for only about 2% of total heat used in the UK. However, there are a number of local government managed district heating schemes operating in London, at present. Heat is generally supplied by combined heat and power (CHP) generating plant, but it is planned to expand these schemes and to make use of secondary waste heat sources in the future. The present project, which is funded by Innovate UK, investigates the potential benefits of combining cooling of London’s underground train tunnels with the transfer of heat to district heating networks. Instead of using air cooled chillers to cool the water to provide cooling to the air in the underground tunnels, it is planned to use water to water heat pumps to transfer the heat to a district heating network. This should significantly reduce the total energy input required for both the cooling and heating of the respective networks. It has been estimated that there is at least 15 MW of waste heat available from cooling London’s underground system. To evaluate the benefits of the proposed approach, an energy, carbon and whole life costing calculator model will be developed to estimate energy, carbon and cost savings for a range of configurations and operating conditions. An inter-seasonal analysis will also be carried out to determine how the benefits vary during the year. Details of the model and the results of preliminary calculations of the potential benefits based on a case study are reported, and the configuration of the planned heat recovery system is presented. The results from the current project will be used to inform the design of a pilot scale trial. This heat recovery approach could be extended to other secondary waste heat sources.