Removal of heavy metals using the fungus Aspergillus niger
Removal of heavy metals using the fungus Aspergillus niger
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DOI：
10.1016/s0960-8524(98)00192-8
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发表时间：
1999-10-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Cullimore, DR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kapoor, A;Viraraghavan, T;Cullimore, DR
有必要开发能够去除废水中有毒重金属离子的技术。众所周知，微生物可以去除水中的重金属离子。本研究对真菌黑曲霉去除铅、镉、铜、镍离子的潜力进行了评价。黑曲霉生物质在D.N-NaOH溶液中煮沸15min后，对铅、镉和铜的去除能力比活生物质高。黑曲霉活菌体对镍的去除效果优于在0.1N氢氧化钠溶液中煮沸15min的菌体。在0.1N NaOH溶液中煮沸处理的生物质对重金属离子的吸附程度受溶液pH的影响较大。PH为3.0时，金属离子的吸附受到抑制，当溶液的pH值为4.0时，金属离子的吸附急剧增加。对铅和镉的吸附在5h内达到平衡，对铜和镍的吸附分别在6h和8h达到平衡。重金属在生物菌体上的吸附符合Freundlich和Langmuir吸附模型，但对铅、镉、铜和镍的吸附在pH值为4.0和pH为5.0时除外。处理后的黑曲霉菌体对铅、镉、铜离子的去除效果高于颗粒活性碳(F-400)。与铅、镉和铜离子单独存在时相比，铅、镉和铜离子在溶液中同时存在时的清除量较低。0.05N硝酸溶液能有效地洗脱生物吸附的金属离子。生物吸附金属离子菌体洗脱后，用去离子水洗涤再生，然后与含有0.1M钙、镁、钾离子的溶液接触，然后进行进一步的吸附试验。处理后的黑曲霉菌体可用于5个周期的生物吸附-洗脱-再生。本研究表明，真菌生物吸附技术在去除废水中的重金属离子方面具有潜在的应用前景。(C)1999爱思唯尔科学有限公司。保留所有权利。
There is a need to develop technologies that can remove toxic heavy metal ions found in wastewaters. Microorganisms are known to remove heavy metal ions from water. In this study the potential of the fungus Aspergillus niger to remove lead, cadmium, copper and nickel ions was evaluated. A. niger biomass pretreated by boiling in D.N NaOH solution for 15 min exhibited higher lead, cadmium and copper removal capacities than did live biomass. Live A. niger biomass was found to be more effective in the removal of nickel than biomass which had been boiled in 0.1N NaOH solution for 15 min. The pH of the solution strongly affected the degree of biosorption of heavy metal ions on biomass pretreated by boiling in 0.1N NaOH solution. Biosorption of metal ions was inhibited at pH 3.0, and sharply increased when the pH of the solution was increased to 4.0. Biosorption of lead and cadmium reached equilibrium in 5 h, and equilibrium was reached in 6 and 8 h for copper and nickel, respectively. Biosorption of heavy metals on pretreated biomass followed the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models, except at pH 4.0 for lead, cadmium and copper and at pH 5.0 for nickel. The removal of lead, cadmium and copper ions by pretreated A. niger biomass was higher than the removal obtained using granular activated carbon (F-400). Removals of lead, cadmium and copper ions were lower when present together in solution in comparison with the removals obtained when these metal ions were present individually in solution. The biosorbed metal ions were effectively eluted by 0.05N HNO3 solution. After eluting, the biosorbed metal ions biomass was regenerated by washing with deionized water and then contacted with a solution containing 0.1M of Ca2+, Mg2+ and K+ ions before further adsorption tests. The pretreated A. niger biomass could be used for five cycles of biosorption - elution of biosorbed ion - regeneration of biomass. This research showed that fungal biosorption had a potential to be used in the removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters. (C) 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.