Prevalence and associated factors of enamel developmental defects among Nigerian children with perinatal HIV exposure.
Prevalence and associated factors of enamel developmental defects among Nigerian children with perinatal HIV exposure.
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DOI：
10.22514/jocpd.2023.007
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发表时间：
2023-03
期刊：
影响因子：
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中科院分区：
文献类型：
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评价出生时感染人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）的儿童和感染HIV的母亲所生儿童与未暴露儿童（即，未受感染母亲所生的儿童）。这是一项分析性横断面研究，评估DDE在三组学龄儿童中的存在和分布模式（4-11岁）在尼日利亚三级医院接受护理和治疗，包括：（1）接受抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）的HIV感染者（HI）（n = 184），（2）HIV暴露但未感染（HEU）（n = 186）和（3）HIV未暴露且未感染（HUU）（n = 184）。数据采集表和问卷调查被用来记录儿童的医疗和牙科病史的基础上，临床图表审查和召回从他们的父母/监护人。由对研究分组不知情的校准牙医进行牙科检查。对所有参与者进行CD 4+（分化簇）T细胞计数测定。DDE的诊断符合世界牙科联合会修订的DDE指数中列举的代码。分析依赖于比较统计来确定与DDE相关的风险因素。共有103名参与者分布在三组中，至少有一种形式的DDE，这表明患病率为18.59%。结果显示，高碘组的DDE发生率最高（4.36%），高碘组和高碘组的DDE发生率分别为2.73%和2.05%。总体而言，遇到最多的DDE是代码1（分界不透明度），占所有代码的30.93%。DDE编码1、4和6与两个牙列中的HI和HEU组有显著相关性（p < 0.05）。我们没有发现DDE与极低出生体重或早产有显著的关联。在HI参与者中观察到与CD 4+淋巴细胞计数的边缘相关性。DDE在学龄儿童中很流行，HIV感染是发育不全的一个重要风险因素，发育不全是DDE的一种常见形式。我们的研究结果与其他研究一致，这些研究将控制艾滋病毒（ART）与口腔疾病联系起来，并加强了针对围产期暴露/感染艾滋病毒的婴儿的公共政策。
To evaluate the prevalence and pattern of developmental defects of the enamel (DDE) and their risk factors among children born infected with Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and those born to HIV-infected mothers compared with their unexposed counterparts (i.e., children born to uninfected mothers). This was an analytic cross-sectional study evaluating the presence and pattern of distribution of DDE in three groups of school-aged children (age, 4–11 years) receiving care and treatment at a Nigerian tertiary hospital, comprising: (1) HIV-infected (HI) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) (n = 184), (2) HIV-exposed but uninfected (HEU) (n = 186) and (3) HIV-unexposed and uninfected (HUU) (n = 184). Data capture forms and questionnaires were used to record the children’s medical and dental history based on clinical chart review and recall from their parents/guardians. Dental examinations were performed by calibrated dentists blinded to the study grouping. CD4+ (Cluster of Differentiation) T-cell counts were assayed for all participants. The diagnosis of DDE corresponded with the codes enumerated in the World Dental Federation’s modified DDE Index. Analyses relied on comparative statistics to determine risk factors associated with DDE. A total of 103 participants distributed among the three groups presented with at least one form of DDE, which indicated a prevalence of 18.59%. The HI group had the highest frequency of DDE-affected teeth (4.36%), while that of the HEU and HUU groups were 2.73% and 2.05%, respectively. Overall, the most encountered DDE was code 1 (Demarcated Opacity), accounting for 30.93% of all codes. DDE codes 1, 4 and 6 showed significant associations with the HI and HEU groups in both dentitions (p < 0.05). We found no significant association DDE and either very low birth weight or preterm births. A marginal association with CD4+ lymphocyte count was observed in HI participants. DDE is prevalent in school-aged children, and HIV infection is a significant risk factor for hypoplasia, a common form of DDE. Our results were consistent with other research linking controlled HIV (with ART) to oral diseases and reinforce advocacies for public policies targeted at infants exposed/infected perinatally with HIV.
DOI：
10.1016/j.jdsr.2021.05.001
发表时间：
2021-11
期刊：
The Japanese dental science review
影响因子：
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作者：
Saitoh M;Shintani S
通讯作者：
Shintani S
DOI：
10.11604/pamj.2015.20.287.5273
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
The Pan African medical journal
影响因子：
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作者：
Oyedeji OA;Gbolahan OO;Abe EO;Agelebe E
通讯作者：
Agelebe E