Preserving environmental health and scientific credibility: a practical guide to reducing conflicts of interest
Preserving environmental health and scientific credibility: a practical guide to reducing conflicts of interest
复制标题
维护环境健康和科学可信度：减少利益冲突的实用指南
DOI：
10.1111/j.1755-263x.2010.00114.x
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发表时间：
2010
影响因子：
8.5
通讯作者：
K. McCoy
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jason Rohr;K. McCoy
利益冲突，即个人或组织考虑损害或偏向专业判断和客观性的情况，可能削弱科学可信度，对生物多样性和生态系统服务构成威胁，并往往是腐败的前兆。在这里，我们回顾了利益冲突及其对全球生物多样性影响的历史和国际例子。我们提出了一个当代的利益冲突的例子，这可能对美国环境保护署重新评估除草剂阿特拉津的安全性产生影响。为了帮助科学家、自然资源管理者、政策制定者和司法官员识别和阻止利益冲突，我们回顾了有利益冲突的个人和组织逃避环境和公共卫生决策的策略，讨论了科学和政府审查过程在维护科学诚信方面的作用，并提供建议，以减少偏见，促进健全和迅速的决策，以加强环境健康。
Conflicts of interest, situations where personal or organizational considerations have compromised or biased professional judgment and objectivity, can weaken scientific credibility, pose threats to biodiversity and ecosystem services, and are often precursors to corruption. Here, we review historical and international examples of conflicts of interest and their impacts on global biodiversity. We present a contemporary example of a conflict of interest that might have implications for the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency's re‐evaluation of the safety of the herbicide atrazine. To help scientists, natural resource managers, policy makers, and judicial officials identify and thwart conflicts of interest, we review strategies used by individuals and organizations with conflicts of interest to evade environmental and public health decisions, discuss the role of the scientific and governmental review processes in maintaining scientific integrity, and offer recommendations to reduce bias and facilitate sound and swift decision making for enhanced environmental health.