Extinction during memory reconsolidation blocks recovery of fear in adolescents
Extinction during memory reconsolidation blocks recovery of fear in adolescents
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DOI：
10.1038/srep08863
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发表时间：
2015-03-09
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Casey, B. J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Johnson, D. C.;Casey, B. J.
青春期是一个情感经历加剧的时期，在此期间，焦虑和与压力相关的疾病达到顶峰。治疗这些疾病的最有效的行为疗法将暴露技术作为核心组成部分。暴露疗法建立在恐惧消除学习的原则之上，包括使个体对引发焦虑的线索脱敏。然而，最近的证据表明，青少年特有的消除恐惧反应的能力下降，这表明青少年对基于暴露的治疗的反应可能不如其他年龄组。在这里，我们展示了另一种方法，以成人记忆再巩固的原则为基础，阻止青少年对恐惧记忆的回忆。在记忆重新巩固期间，被召回的记忆变得不稳定，在此期间它可以被更新。先前的研究表明，在记忆重新巩固过程中，消除训练削弱了成人和啮齿动物恐惧记忆的恢复。使用这种方法，我们显示了青少年恐惧记忆的衰减。这些发现对于通过优化基于记忆再巩固原则的暴露疗法来治疗最易受焦虑和压力相关疾病影响的人群之一——青少年——具有重要意义。
Adolescence is a time of intensified emotional experiences, during which anxiety and stress-related disorders peak. The most effective behavioral therapies for treating these disorders share exposure-based techniques as a core component. Exposure-based therapies build on the principles of fear extinction learning and involve desensitizing the individual to cues that trigger anxiety. Yet, recent evidence shows an adolescent-specific diminished capacity to extinguish fear responses, suggesting that adolescents may respond less well to exposure-based therapies than other age groups. Here we demonstrate an alternative method for blocking the recall of fear memories in adolescents, building on principles of memory reconsolidation in adults. During memory reconsolidation, a memory that is recalled becomes labile during which time it can be updated. Prior research has shown that extinction training during memory reconsolidation attenuates the recovery of fear memory in human adults and in rodents. Using this method, we show attenuation of fear memory in adolescent humans. These findings have significant implications for treating one of the most vulnerable populations to anxiety and stress related disorders - adolescents - by optimizing exposure therapy based on principles of memory reconsolidation.